Al-Muqaddimāt al-Mumahhidāt - Ibn Rush al-Jadd - (2/253)

Al-Muqaddimāt al-MumahhidātIbn Rush al-Jadd

Book of Judicial Rulings

On Judicial Rulings

Allah, exalted is He, alone judges and adjudicates between His servants in the Hereafter. He, glorified is He, says:

“Allah judges with truth, while those they invoke besides Him judge nothing.” [Ghāfir: 20]

He, exalted is He, says:

“Indeed, your Lord will judge between them by His judgment. And He is the Almighty, the All-Knowing.” [al-Naml: 78]

He says:

“Indeed, your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ.” [Yūnus: 93]

He says:

“Judgment will be passed between them in justice, and they will not be wronged.” [Yūnus: 54]

He says:

“We shall set up the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection, so no soul will be wronged in the least. Even if it is the weight of a mustard seed, We shall bring it forth. And sufficient are We as Reckoners.” [al-Anbiyā’: 47]

He, exalted is He, entrusted judgment and adjudication between them in this world to those He placed in authority over them on earth: the prophets and, after them, the caliphs and those vested with authority among judges, rulers, and scholars. He obliged them to judge between people justly, not to follow their desires, and not to sell His signs for a paltry price. He, exalted is He, says:

“Indeed, We have sent down to you the Book in truth so that you may judge between people by what Allah has shown you. And do not be an advocate for the treacherous.” [al-Nisā’: 105]

كتاب الأقضية ما جاء في الأقضية انفرد الله ﵎ بالحكم والقضاء بين عباده في الآخرة، فقال سبحانه: ﴿وَاللَّهُ يَقْضِي بِالْحَقِّ وَالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ لا يَقْضُونَ بِشَيْءٍ﴾ [غافر: ٢٠]. وقال تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ بِحُكْمِهِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْعَلِيمُ﴾ [النمل: ٧٨]. وقال: ﴿إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ﴾ [يونس: ٩٣]. وقال: ﴿وَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ وَهُمْ لا يُظْلَمُونَ﴾ [يونس: ٥٤]. وقال: ﴿وَنَضَعُ الْمَوَازِينَ الْقِسْطَ لِيَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلا تُظْلَمُ نَفْسٌ شَيْئًا وَإِنْ كَانَ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ أَتَيْنَا بِهَا وَكَفَى بِنَا حَاسِبِينَ﴾ [الأنبياء: ٤٧]. وصرف ﵎ الحكم والقضاء بينهم في الدنيا إلى من استخلفه في الأرض عليهم من الأنبياء، ومن بعدهم من الخلفاء وأولي الأمر من القضاة والحكام والعلماء، وفرض عليهم العدل بينهم في الحكم، وألا يتبعوا الهوى، ولا يشتروا بآياته ثمنا قليلا، فقال تعالى: ﴿إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا أَرَاكَ اللَّهُ وَلا تَكُنْ لِلْخَائِنِينَ خَصِيمًا﴾ [النساء: ١٠٥].