Al-Muqaddimāt al-Mumahhidāt - Ibn Rush al-Jadd - (2/7)

Al-Muqaddimāt al-MumahhidātIbn Rush al-Jadd

knows best. Concerning His words, Most High:

“Those who consume usury will not stand except as one driven to madness by Satan’s touch.” [al-Baqarah: 275]

Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is saying that those who practise usury in their worldly trade will rise from their graves in the Hereafter only as someone whom Satan has thrown into convulsions through his touch—that is, someone stricken with madness. It is related that those who consume usury will have a distinguishing mark on the Day of Resurrection by which they will be recognised as such: they will be seized by derangement. The derangement that overtakes them in the Hereafter is likened to madness in this world.

It is also related: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, spoke about the night of his Night Journey. His account included coming upon Pharaoh’s people on the road as they were being taken to the Fire, to which they are exposed morning and evening. Whenever they saw it, they said, ‘Our Lord, do not let the Hour come!’ because of the punishment of Allah they saw. He said: ‘Then I saw men whose bellies were like houses. They would stand up, then fall onto their bellies and backs. Pharaoh’s people would come upon them and trample them, crushing them utterly. I asked, “Who are these, Gabriel?” He replied, “These are those who consume usury.” Then he recited this verse: “Those who consume usury will not stand except as one driven to madness by Satan’s touch.” [al-Baqarah: 275]’”

In al-Bukhārī, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said:

“Last night I saw two men who came to me and took me out to a holy land. We travelled until we reached a river of blood in which a man was standing. In the middle of the river was another man with stones before him. The man in the river approached, but whenever he tried to get out, the other man threw a stone into his mouth, sending him back to where he had been. Every time he came forward to get out, he threw a stone into his mouth, and he returned to where he had been. I asked, ‘What is this?’ He replied, ‘The man you saw in the river is one who consumes usury.’”

As for the Sunnah, its evidence includes the report narrated by Ibn Masʿūd that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, “cursed the one who consumes usury and the one who pays it

أعلم، وقَوْله تَعَالَى: ﴿الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ الرِّبَا لا يَقُومُونَ إِلا كَمَا يَقُومُ الَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنَ الْمَسِّ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٧٥]، يقول الله ﷿: الذين يربون في تجارتهم في الدنيا لا يقومون في الآخرة من قبورهم إلا كما يقوم الذي يتخبطه الشيطان من المس، أي يصرعه من الجنون. ويروى: إن لأكلة الربا علما يعرفون به يوم القيامة أنهم أكلة الربا، يأخذهم خبل يشبه الخبل الذي يأخذهم في الآخرة بالجنون الذي يكون في الدنيا، ويروى «أن رسول الله ﷺ حدث عن ليلة الإسراء فكان في حديثه أنه أتى على سابلة فرعون حيث ينطلق بهم إلى النار يعرضون عليها غدوا وعشيا، فإذا رأوها قالوا: ربنا لا تقومن الساعة؛ لما يرون من عذاب الله، قال: وإذا أنا برجال بطونهم كالبيوت، يقومون فيقعون ببطونهم وظهورهم، فيأتي عليهم آل فرعون فيثردونهم ثردا، فقلت: من هؤلاء يا جبريل؟ فقال: هؤلاء أكلة الربا، ثم تلا هذه الآية: ﴿الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ الرِّبَا لا يَقُومُونَ إِلا كَمَا يَقُومُ الَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنَ الْمَسِّ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٧٥]»، وفي البخاري عن النبي ﷺ، أنه قال: «رأيت الليلة رجلين أتياني فأخرجاني إلى أرض مقدسة فانطلقنا حتى أتينا على نهر من دم فيه رجل قائم، وعلى وسط النهر رجل بين يديه حجارة، فأقبل الرجل الذي في النهر، فإذا أراد أن يخرج، رمى الرجل بحجر في فيه فرده حيث كان، فجعل كلما جاء ليخرج رمى في فيه بحجر فيرجع كما كان، فقلت: ما هذا؟ فقال: الذي رأيت في النهر آكل الربا». وأما السنة فمنها ما رواه ابن مسعود أن رسول الله ﷺ «لعن آكل الربا وموكله