Al-Muqaddimāt al-Mumahhidāt - Ibn Rush al-Jadd - (1/585)

Al-Muqaddimāt al-MumahhidātIbn Rush al-Jadd

In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful. May Allah bless Muhammad, His noble Prophet.

Book of Granting the Wife a Choice and Delegating Divorce to Her

On Granting the Wife a Choice and Delegating Divorce to Her

Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says:

“O Prophet, say to your wives, ‘If you desire the life of this world and its adornment, then come: I will provide for you and release you graciously.’” [al-Ahzāb: 28]

“But if you desire Allah and His Messenger and the Hereafter, then Allah has prepared a tremendous reward for those of you who do good.” [al-Ahzāb: 29]

The occasion for the revelation of this verse is related in the following report: “‘Ā’ishah, the Prophet’s wife, asked him for something of this world’s comforts—either an increase in her maintenance or some other worldly provision. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, withdrew from his wives for a month. Allah then commanded him, through these verses, to give them a choice: either to remain patiently with him, accept what was allotted to them, and obey Allah, or, if they were dissatisfied with what he allotted to them, to receive a parting provision from him and separate from him.”

It is also said that this was because of “a fit of jealousy on the part of ‘Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, began with ‘Ā’ishah, who was the dearest of his wives to him. He said to her, ‘I am going to put a matter before you, but you need not rush to decide before consulting your parents.’ She said, ‘He knew that my parents would never advise me to leave him.’ He gave her the choice and recited the Quran to her. She asked him, ‘Have you approached any of your other wives before me?’ He replied, ‘No.’ She said, ‘What is there in this for me to consult my parents about? I desire Allah and His Messenger and the Hereafter, and I ask you not to tell them of my choice.’ The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, replied, ‘I was not sent to make things difficult, but as a teacher and a bearer of glad tidings. If any of them asks me, I will certainly tell her.’ Joy could be seen on the face of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at the choice made by

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ وصلى الله على محمد نبيه الكريم كتاب التخيير والتمليك ما جاء في التخيير والتمليك قال الله ﷿: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لأَزْوَاجِكَ إِنْ كُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتَهَا فَتَعَالَيْنَ أُمَتِّعْكُنَّ وَأُسَرِّحْكُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلا﴾ [الأحزاب: ٢٨] ﴿وَإِنْ كُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلْمُحْسِنَاتِ مِنْكُنَّ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا﴾ [الأحزاب: ٢٩]، وكان سبب نزول هذه الآية فيما روي «عن عائشة زوج النبي ﷺ أنها سألته شيئا من متاع الدنيا إما زيادة في النفقة وإما غير ذلك من عرض الدنيا، فاعتزل رسول الله ﷺ نساءه شهرا، فأمره الله أن يخيرهن بهذه الآيات بين الصبر عليه والرضا بما قسم لهن والعمل بطاعة الله، وبين أن يمتعهن ويفارقهن إن لم يرضين بالذي يقسم لهن». وقيل: إن ذلك كان من أجل «غيرة كانت عائشة ﵂ غارتها، فبدأ ﷺ بعائشة وكانت أحبهن إليه، فقال لها: " إني ذاكر لك أمرا ولا عليك أن لا تعجلي حتى تستأمري أبويك "، قالت: وقد علم أن أبويَّ لم يكونا ليأمراني بفراقه، فخيرها وقرأ عليها القرآن فقالت له: هل بدأت بأحد من نسائك قبلي؟ قال: " لا "، قالت: ففي أي هذا أستأمر أبويَّ فإني أريد الله ورسوله والدار الآخرة وأسألك أن لا تخبرهن بذلك، فقال النبي ﷺ: إني لم أبعث معنتا، وإنما بعثت معلما ومبشرا، وإني لا تسألني امرأة منهن إلا أخبرتها. ورئي الفرح في وجه رسول الله ﷺ باختيار