Al-Muqaddimāt al-Mumahhidāt - Ibn Rush al-Jadd - (1/431)

Al-Muqaddimāt al-MumahhidātIbn Rush al-Jadd

In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Bestower of Mercy

Book of Sacrifices

Section
The Reason Sacrifices Were Instituted

The basis for Allah’s institution of sacrifices for His servants is the account in His clear Book of His close friend Abraham, peace be upon him: how He tested him by commanding him to slaughter his son, then ransomed his son with a great sacrifice. Allah, Most High, recounts in His Book the words of Abraham, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“My Lord, grant me a righteous offspring.” [al-Sāffāt: 100]

That is, a righteous child. Allah, Most High, says:

“So We gave him good news of a forbearing boy.” [al-Sāffāt: 101]

“Then, when he was old enough to work alongside him, he said, ‘My son, I have seen in a dream that I am sacrificing you. Consider, then, what you think.’ He replied, ‘My father, do as you are commanded. You will find me, if Allah wills, among the patient.’” [al-Sāffāt: 102]

It is related that when the angels gave Abraham, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the good news of his son Isaac, he vowed to Allah, Most High, that he would offer him in sacrifice once Sarah had given birth to him. When she had borne him and he had grown old enough to work alongside his father—that is, to help him with his work—Abraham was told in a dream: “Fulfil your vow to Allah.” The dreams of prophets are revelation.

He said to his son Isaac: “My son, come with me so that we may offer a sacrifice to Allah.” He took a knife and a rope, and they set out. As they walked among the mountains, Isaac turned and said: “My father, where is your sacrificial offering?”

“He said, ‘My son, I have seen in a dream that I am sacrificing you. Consider, then, what you think.’ He replied, ‘My father, do as you are commanded. You will find me, if Allah wills, among the patient.’” [al-Sāffāt: 102]

He then said to him: “My father, bind me tightly so that I do not struggle, and keep your clothes away from me, lest any of my blood splash onto them and Sarah see it and grieve. Pass the knife swiftly across my throat so that death may be easier for me. Then, when you come to my mother Sarah, convey

﷽ كتاب الضحايا فصل في سبب شرع الضحايا أصل ما شرع الله الضحايا لعباده ما حكاه في محكم كتابه من قصة خليله إبراهيم ﵇ وما ابتلاه به من ذبح ابنه ثم فداه بذبح عظيم. قال الله ﵎ في كتابه حاكيا عن إبراهيم ﷺ قال: ﴿رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ﴾ [الصافات: ١٠٠] أي ولدا صالحا قال الله ﵎: ﴿فَبَشَّرْنَاهُ بِغُلامٍ حَلِيمٍ﴾ [الصافات: ١٠١] ﴿فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَعَهُ السَّعْيَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي أَرَى فِي الْمَنَامِ أَنِّي أَذْبَحُكَ فَانْظُرْ مَاذَا تَرَى قَالَ يَا أَبَتِ افْعَلْ مَا تُؤْمَرُ سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّابِرِينَ﴾ [الصافات: ١٠٢]. روي أن إبراهيم ﷺ لما بشرته الملائكة بابنه إسحاق نذر لله تعالى أن يجعله ذبيحا إذا ولدته سارة، فلما ولدته وبلغ معه السعي أي معونته على العمل قيل له في المنام: أوف لله بنذرك فرؤيا الأنبياء وحي. فقال لابنه إسحاق: يا بني اذهب بنا نقرب إلى الله قربانا، وأخذ سكينا وحبلا ثم انطلقا، فلما سارا بين الجبال التفت إسحاق وقال يا أبت أين قربانك؟ ﴿قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي أَرَى فِي الْمَنَامِ أَنِّي أَذْبَحُكَ فَانْظُرْ مَاذَا تَرَى قَالَ يَا أَبَتِ افْعَلْ مَا تُؤْمَرُ سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّابِرِينَ﴾ [الصافات: ١٠٢]. فقال له يا أبت اشدد رباطي حتى لا أضطرب واكفف عني ثيابك حتى لا ينتضح عليها شيء من دمي فتراه سارة فتحزن لذلك، وأسرع مر السكين على حلقي ليكون أهون للموت علي، فإذا أتيت سارة أمي فاقرأ