Al-Muqaddimāt al-Mumahhidāt - Ibn Rush al-Jadd - (3/376)

Al-Muqaddimāt al-MumahhidātIbn Rush al-Jadd

It was called Dhāt al-Riqā‘ because their feet had become raw, so they wrapped them in rags. It is also said that it was given this name because they patched their banners during the expedition; or that Dhāt al-Riqā‘ was the name of a tree at that location; or that the ground of the mountain where they encamped had patches of different colours—red, yellow and black—and they named their expedition Dhāt al-Riqā‘ for that reason. Allah knows best.

In Sha‘bān of this year, the third expedition to Badr took place. On the day of Uhud, Abū Sufyān had called out to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, “Our rendezvous with you will be at Badr next year.” The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, instructed one of his Companions to answer him in the affirmative. He therefore set out for the appointed meeting and proceeded to Badr, where he stayed for eight nights awaiting Abū Sufyān ibn Harb. Abū Sufyān set out with the people of Mecca and reached ‘Usfān, but then turned back. He and his companions offered the excuse that it was a year of drought.

In this year, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent Abū ‘Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrāh to Dhū al-Qassah, on the road to Iraq. In the same year, he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent him to Sīf al-Bahr, and he returned without encountering any hostile action.

[The Fifth Year]

Then came the fifth year. In Rabī‘ al-Awwal of this year, the expedition to Dūmat al-Jandal took place. He, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set out for Dūmat al-Jandal but turned back before reaching it, without encountering any fighting.

In Shawwāl of this year, the expedition of the Trench took place. This was the expedition of the Confederates, which Allah mentions in His Book, in Sūrat al-Ahzāb:

“Allah turned back those who disbelieved in their rage, having gained no good. Allah spared the believers battle. And Allah is All-Powerful, Almighty. And He brought down from their fortresses those of the People of the Book who had supported them” [al-Ahzāb: 25–26], through to His words, “And Allah has power over all things” [al-Ahzāb: 27].

He means Banū Qurayzah. We have already discussed the cause of this expedition and related some of its events in the fourth volume of our commentary on the Jāmi‘ of al-‘Utbiyyah.

وسميت ذات الرقاع لأن أقدامهم تثقبت فكانوا يلفون عليها الخرق، وقيل بل قيل لها ذات الرقاع لأنهم رقعوا راياتهم فيها، وقيل ذات الرقاع شجرة بذلك الموضع تدعى بذات الرقاع، وقيل بل الجبل الذي نزلوا عليه كانت أرضه ذات ألوان من حمرة وصفرة وسواد فسموا غزوتهم بذات الرقاع لذلك والله أعلم. وفيها كانت غزوة بدر الثالثة في شعبان منها. وذلك أن أبا سفيان كان نادى رسول الله ﷺ يوم أحد: موعدنا معكم بدر في العام المقبل، فأمر رسول الله ﷺ بعض أصحابه أن يجيبه بنعم. فخرج للميعاد المذكور ونهض حتى أتى بدرا فأقام هنالك ثماني ليال ينتظر أبا سفيان ابن حرب. وخرج أبو سفيان في أهل مكة حتى بلغ عسفان ثم رجع واعتذر هو وأصحابه بأن العام عام جدب. وفيها بعث رسول الله ﷺ أبا عبيدة بن الجراح إلى ذي القصة من طريق العراق. وفيها بعثه ﷺ إلى سيف البحر فرجع ولم يلق كيدا. [السنة الخامسة] ثم كانت السنة الخامسة. ففيها في ربيع الأول منها كانت غزوة دومة الجندل. خرج ﷺ إلى دومة الجندل وانصرف من طريقه قبل أن يبلغ إليها ولم يلق حربا. وفيها في شوال منها كانت غزوة الخندق وهي غزوة الأحزاب التي ذكرها الله في كتابه في سورة الأحزاب فقال فيها: ﴿وَرَدَّ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِغَيْظِهِمْ لَمْ يَنَالُوا خَيْرًا وَكَفَى اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْقِتَالَ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ قَوِيًّا عَزِيزًا - وَأَنْزَلَ الَّذِينَ ظَاهَرُوهُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مِنْ صَيَاصِيهِمْ﴾ [الأحزاب: ٢٥ - ٢٦] إلى قوله: ﴿وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرًا﴾ [الأحزاب: ٢٧] يريد بني قريظة، وقد ذكرنا سببها وجملا مما جرى فيها في الجزء الرابع من شرح جامع العتبية.