In this year, ‘Abd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr was born, the first child born to the Emigrants in Medina.

In this year, the direction of prayer was changed two months before Badr. It is said that this occurred on a Tuesday, while the people were offering the noon prayer, in the middle of Sha‘bān.

In Sha‘bān of this year, fasting the month of Ramadan was made obligatory.

In this year, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded the payment of zakāt al-fitr.

In this year, Ruqayyah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, died. ‘Uthmān stayed behind from Badr on her account, so the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, allotted him his share of the spoils.

[The Third Year]

Then came the third year. In Safar of this year, the expedition to Dhū Amr took place. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set out for Najd against Ghatafān. He—peace be upon him—remained in Najd throughout Safar, then returned without engaging in battle.

In Rabī‘ al-Ākhir of this year, the expedition to Buhrān took place. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had remained in Medina during Rabī‘ al-Awwal, then set out against Quraysh and reached Buhrān, a mining site in the Hijaz. He stayed there during Rabī‘ al-Ākhir and Jumādā al-Ūlā, then returned to Medina without engaging in battle.

In this year, the expedition against Banū Qaynuqā‘ took place. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, arrived in Medina, the Jews concluded a peace agreement with him. He drew up a written agreement between himself and them and affiliated each group with its allies. Among the conditions he imposed on them was that they should not support anyone against him. The Jewish tribe of Banū Qaynuqā‘ broke their covenant with him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, so he marched against them and besieged them until they submitted to his judgment. ‘Abd Allāh ibn Ubayy ibn Salūl interceded for them, pleading that their lives be spared and pressing the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, insistently on the matter. He accepted his intercession and spared their lives. They were the people of ‘Abd Allāh ibn Salām. His siege of them lasted fifteen nights.

In this year took place “the mission against Ka‘b ibn al-Ashraf. When news reached him that the leading men of Quraysh had been killed at Badr, he said, ‘It is better to be beneath the earth than upon it.’ He set off for Mecca, lamenting the unbelievers of Quraysh