Al-Muqaddimāt al-MumahhidātIbn Rush al-Jadd

The second is that his repentance consists in reforming his conduct, regretting what he has done, seeking forgiveness for it, and refraining from making such accusations again. This is Mālik’s view, and it is the sounder one, for every sinful believer’s repentance consists in refraining from repeating the sin, regretting it, and seeking forgiveness for it. If he was sinful, his repentance is recognized by his change from sinfulness to uprightness. If he was upright, his repentance is recognized by his doing more good and attaining a higher degree of righteousness. Success comes from Allah, glorified be He.

والثاني: أن توبته من ذلك صلاح حاله وندمه على ما فرط من ذلك والاستغفار منه وتركه العود في مثل ذلك من الجرح، وهو قول مالك وهو أصح، لأن توبة كل ذي ذنب من أهل الإيمان تركه العود والندم والاستغفار منه. فإن كان فاسقا عرفت توبته بانتقاله من حال الفسق إلى حال الصلاح، وإن كان صالحا فتعرف توبته بتزيده في الخير وارتفاع درجته فيه، وبالله سبحانه التوفيق.

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