and similar relatives of earlier generations, such as the father’s paternal aunt and the grandfather’s maternal aunt, neither inherit nor exclude any heir, for anyone who cannot inherit under any circumstances cannot exclude another heir.

Section: Exclusion from Inheritance and Reduction of Shares

The father excludes all paternal grandfathers above him, as well as grandmothers related through him. He also excludes siblings and their sons, and paternal uncles and their sons. The son excludes sons’ sons below him, all siblings, male and female, and paternal uncles and their sons. He reduces the mother’s share from one-third to one-sixth, the wife’s from one-quarter to one-eighth, and the husband’s from one-half to one-quarter.

A full brother excludes a paternal half-brother, and a paternal half-brother excludes a full brother’s son. A full brother’s son excludes a paternal half-brother’s son. The nearer relative always excludes the more distant; when they are equal in degree of kinship, the full-blood line takes precedence. A brother’s son, however far descending, excludes a paternal uncle who is the father’s full brother. A paternal uncle who is the father’s full brother excludes one who is the father’s paternal half-brother, and the latter excludes the son of the former. The son of a paternal uncle who is the father’s full brother excludes the son of a paternal uncle who is the father’s paternal half-brother. Here too, the nearer excludes the more distant, as explained above concerning brothers.

The mother excludes all grandmothers, whether on her side or the father’s side. Each of the two grandmothers excludes grandmothers above her. A daughter or a son’s daughter, however far descending, excludes maternal half-siblings and reduces the wife’s share from one-quarter to one-eighth.

Chapter: The Inheritance of Children

A son who is the sole heir receives the entire estate. If there is more than one son, they divide the estate equally. A sole daughter receives one-half, while two or more daughters receive two-thirds. When sons and daughters inherit together, the daughters, whether one or more, have no prescribed share alongside the sons. Instead, the estate is divided among them all, with each male receiving the share of two females.

If someone entitled to a prescribed share inherits alongside the children, that share is allocated first. The remainder is then divided among the children, with each male receiving the share of two females if they comprise both males and females, or equally among them