or a legatee or an heir claiming against the estate after it has been divided. This gives rise to eleven cases:

1. A creditor coming forward with a claim against the other creditors.

2. An heir coming forward with a claim against the other heirs.

3. A legatee coming forward with a claim against the other legatees.

4. A creditor coming forward with a claim against the heirs.

5. A creditor coming forward with a claim against the legatee entitled to one-third and against the heirs.

6. A legatee entitled to a fixed amount coming forward with a claim against the heirs.

7. A creditor coming forward with a claim against the other creditors and the heirs.

8. A legatee entitled to a fixed amount coming forward with a claim against the other legatees and the heirs.

9. A legatee entitled to a fractional share coming forward with a claim against the heirs.

10. A creditor coming forward with a claim against legatees entitled to less than one-third and against the heirs.

Section

The first, second, and third cases—a creditor claiming against the other creditors, an heir claiming against the other heirs, and a legatee claiming against the other legatees—are governed by the same ruling: the newly appearing claimant seeks from each recipient the proportion for which that recipient is liable, and may not hold a solvent recipient liable for an insolvent one. If he finds what they received still intact and available in their possession, he takes from each what is due to him, and this does not invalidate