Al-Muqaddimāt al-Mumahhidāt - Ibn Rush al-Jadd - (3/26)

Section

The differing views concerning his knowingly purchasing them amount to six:

First: the view stated in the book—that they are emancipated at his expense if he has the means, but are sold if he does not.

Second: that they are emancipated at the capital provider’s expense. This view follows from what appears in the Book of Pledges in some recensions.

Third: that the sale is invalid. This view follows from what appears in the Second Book of Emancipation concerning a father who purchases someone who would become free upon entering his young son’s ownership.

Fourth: that they are not emancipated at the expense of either party. This is Ibn al-Qāsim’s view in the original version of his transmission.

Fifth: that he is liable for the purchase price and the slave becomes his. This is Mālik’s view as transmitted from him by Ibn Abī Uways.

Sixth: that the capital provider has a choice. If he wishes, he may take the slave, who is then emancipated at his expense, while the working partner receives his share of any profit. Alternatively, he may hold the working partner liable for his wrongful conduct.

If he purchases them unknowingly, there are two views:

First: the view stated in the book—that they are emancipated at the capital provider’s expense.

Second: Ibn al-Qāsim’s view in the original version of his transmission—that they are not emancipated at the expense of either party.

Section

The third case is where the working partner emancipates a male or female slave purchased with the partnership funds.

If he has the means and purchased the slave for emancipation, the slave is emancipated at his expense, and he must reimburse the capital provider for his capital, or for his capital and his share of the profit if there is any profit. If he has the means and purchased the slave for the partnership, then subsequently emancipated him, the slave is emancipated at his expense. He must compensate the capital provider for the slave’s value on the day of emancipation, less his own share in the slave if there is a profit. According to the view of someone other than Ibn

فصل والذي يتحصل فيها من الاختلاف إذا اشتراهم، وهو يعلم، ستة أقوال: أحدها: قوله في الكتاب إنهم يعتقون عليه إن كان له مال ويباعون إن لم يكن له مال. والثاني: أنهم يعتقون على رب المال. وهذا القول يأتي على ما في كتاب الرهون في بعض الروايات. والثالث: أن البيع لا يجوز. وهذا القول يأتي على ما في كتاب العتق الثاني في الأب يشتري من يعتق على ابنه الصغير. والرابع: أنه لا يعتق على واحد منهما. وهو قول ابن القاسم في أصل سماعه. والخامس: أنه يضمن الثمن ويكون له العبد. وهو قول مالك في رواية ابن أبي أويس عنه. والسادس: أن رب المال بالخيار إن أحب أن يأخذه فيعتق عليه ويكون للعامل فضله إن كان فيه فضل، وإن أحب أن يضمن العامل لتعديه كان ذلك له. وإذا اشتراهم وهو لا يعلم ففي ذلك قولان: أحدهما: قوله في الكتاب إنهم يعتقون على رب المال. والثاني: قول ابن القاسم في أصل سماعه إنهم لا يعتقون على واحد منهما. فصل وأما المسألة الثالثة وهو أن يعتق المقارض عبدا أو جارية من مال القراض. فإن كان موسرا واشتراه للعتق أعتق عليه وغرم لرب المال رأس ماله أو رأس ماله وربحه إن كان فيه فضل. وإن كان موسرا فاشتراه للقراض ثم أعتقه عتق عليه وغرم لرب المال قيمته يوم العتق إلا قدر حظه منه إن كان فيه فضل. وعلى قول غير ابن