Al-Muqaddimāt al-Mumahhidāt - Ibn Rush al-Jadd - (3/24)

Al-Muqaddimāt al-MumahhidātIbn Rush al-Jadd

Section

If the working partner knowingly purchases someone who becomes free upon entering the capital provider’s ownership, and the working partner is solvent and there is a profit on the day of purchase, the slave is emancipated, and the working partner must pay the capital provider his capital and his share of the profit, if there is a profit on the day of purchase. If there is no profit on that day, the working partner is required to pay only the purchase price, even if the slave’s value exceeds it. This is because the capital provider cannot validly derive a profit from him, since he becomes free upon entering his ownership.

Section

If the working partner is insolvent and there is a profit on the day of purchase, enough of the slave is sold to cover the capital provider’s capital and share of the profit, and the remainder, if any, is emancipated. If the slave’s value falls short of the capital and the capital provider’s share of the profit, he is sold in full for the capital provider’s benefit, and the working partner remains liable for the shortfall in the capital and the capital provider’s share of the profit.

Section

If, however, the working partner purchases him unknowingly, he becomes free upon entering the capital provider’s ownership. If the working partner has a share of profit in him on the day of purchase, the capital provider must pay the assessed value of the working partner’s share, provided he has the means, as in the case of his gift of a jointly owned slave. If he lacks the means, the working partner’s share remains enslaved. In this case, it makes no difference whether the working partner is solvent or insolvent.

Section

Clarifying the Wording of the Book Concerning This Case

The statement in the book, “If the working partner purchases the capital provider’s father or son without knowing it, they become free upon entering the capital provider’s ownership,” means that this occurs on the day of purchase. The statement, “If there is a profit in them, the working partner is paid from the capital provider’s funds an amount equal to his share of the profit under their profit-sharing agreement,” means that there was a profit in the funds on the day of purchase. For example, the capital of the profit-sharing partnership might be one hundred, on which he makes another hundred in profit, and then purchases them

فصل فأما إذا اشترى من يعتق على رب المال وهو عالم موسر وفيه ربح يوم الشراء فإنه يعتق ويؤخذ منه لرب المال رأس ماله وحصته من الربح إن كان فيه ربح يوم الشراء. وإن لم يكن فيه ربح يوم الشراء لم يؤخذ منه إلا الثمن الذي اشتراه به وإن كانت قيمته أكثر مما اشتراه به لأنه لا يصح له فيه ربح لأنه يعتق عليه. فصل وإن كان معسرا وفيه ربح يوم الشراء بيع منه لرب المال برأس ماله وحصته من الربح، وعتق الفضل إن فضل منه شيء وإن لم يساو إلا أقل من رأس المال وحصة رب المال من الربح بيع جميعه لرب المال واتبع العامل بما نقض من رأس ماله وحصته من الربح. فصل وأما إذا ابتاعه وهو لا يعلم فإنه يعتق على رب المال، فإن كان للعامل فيه ربح يوم الشراء قوم على رب المال نصيب العامل منه إن كان له مال كهبته العبد بين الشريكين. فإن لم يكن مال بقي حظ العامل فيه رقيقا. وسواء في هذا الوجه كان العامل مليا أو معدما. فصل في بيان وجوه ألفاظ الكتاب في هذا الوجه قوله فيه إذا اشترى العامل أبا رب المال أو ابنه وهو لا يعلم عتقوا على رب المال، يريد يوم الشراء. وقوله وإن كان فيهم ربح دفع إلى العامل من مال صاحب المال بقدر نصيبه من الربح على ما قارضه، يريد أنه كان في المال ربح يوم الشراء، مثل أن يكون رأس مال القراض مائة فيربح فيها مائة أخرى ثم يشتريهم