Section
If the imam suffers a nosebleed during the funeral prayer or the Eid prayer, he appoints a replacement to lead the congregation through the remainder of the prayer, just as in an obligatory prayer. If someone praying behind him suffers a nosebleed during either prayer, he leaves, washes off the blood, and then returns to complete the remaining funeral takbīrs or Eid prayer with the imam. If he knows that he will not catch any of this with the imam, he completes his prayer where he washes off the blood, unless he knows that he can reach the funeral bier before it is carried away. In that case, he returns to complete the remaining takbīrs over it.
Ashhab said: If his nosebleed begins before he has completed one rak‘ah of the Eid prayer or pronounced any of the funeral prayer’s takbīrs, and he fears that leaving to wash off the blood will cause him to miss the prayer, he does not leave. Rather, he performs the funeral prayer or continues his Eid prayer. Likewise, if he notices an impurity on his garment and fears that leaving to wash it off will cause him to miss the funeral prayer or Eid prayer, he continues praying and does not leave. Performing the funeral prayer and Eid prayer despite a nosebleed and in an impure garment is preferable to missing them and leaving them unperformed. This is unlike performing them with tayammum when one cannot find water, since a healthy resident is not among those entitled to tayammum. All of this—meaning what I have mentioned in this section—is the intended meaning of the passage in Ibn al-Mawwāz’s book, and this is how it should be understood, even though its apparent wording conflicts with some of these details. Allah Most High alone grants success.
Section
On Tayammum (Dry Ablution)
Allah, glorified and exalted, commanded travellers and the sick to perform tayammum for prayer when water is unavailable. The scholars unanimously agree that tayammum is obligatory for them, because the command addressed to them to perform tayammum in the absence of water is explicit in the verse and admits of no alternative interpretation. They disagreed, however, over whether a healthy resident who cannot find water, and a sick person who has water but is unable to touch it, are entitled to tayammum, because of