Al-Qawa'id al-Nuraniyya - Ibn Taimiya - (77)

Al-Qawa'id al-NuraniyyaIbn Taimiya

all those who pray as humbly submissive, in His words Most High: “Those who are humbly submissive in their prayer” [al-Mu’minūn: 2], and His words Most High: “Indeed, it is burdensome except for the humbly submissive” [al-Baqarah: 45].

Allah Most High also says:

“On the Day the Shin is bared and they are called to prostrate, they will be unable to do so. Their eyes will be humbled and abasement will overwhelm them, for they had been called to prostrate while they were sound.” [al-Qalam: 42–43] [al-Qalam]

Another manifestation is the humbling of voices, as in His words Most High: “Voices will be hushed before the Most Merciful” [Tā Hā: 108] [Tā Hā: 108]—that is, they will be lowered and still.

Allah Most High also says:

“You will see the wrongdoers, when they behold the punishment, saying, ‘Is there any way back?’ You will see them brought before it, humbled by abasement and glancing furtively.” [al-Shūrā: 44–45] [al-Shūrā: 44, 45]

Allah Most High says:

“Faces on that Day will be humbled, laboring and exhausted. They will enter a scorching Fire and be given drink from a boiling spring.” [al-Ghāshiyah: 2–5] [al-Ghāshiyah]

This will occur on the Day of Resurrection, and it is undoubtedly the correct of the two opinions, just as He says concerning the other group:

“Faces on that Day will be blissful, pleased with their striving, in a lofty Garden.” [al-Ghāshiyah: 8–10] [al-Ghāshiyah]

Allah Most High also says:

“We bestowed upon him Isaac and Jacob as an additional gift, and We made each of them righteous. We made them leaders who guided by Our command, and We revealed to them the performance of good deeds, the establishment of prayer, and the giving of zakat; and they were worshippers of Us.” [al-Anbiyā’: 72–73] [al-Anbiyā’]

Since humble submission in prayer is obligatory and entails stillness and humility, whoever pecks like a crow has shown no humble submission in his prostration. Likewise, whoever does not raise his head fully from bowing and become settled before lowering himself has not attained stillness, for stillness is precisely being settled and composed. Whoever is not settled has not attained stillness; whoever has not attained stillness has shown no humble submission in either his bowing or his prostration; and whoever fails to show humble submission is sinful and disobedient. This is what we have explained.

بِالْخُشُوعِ جُمْلَةَ الْمُصَلِّينَ بِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ﴾ [المؤمنون: ٢] وَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَإِنَّهَا لَكَبِيرَةٌ إِلَّا عَلَى الْخَاشِعِينَ﴾ [البقرة: ٤٥] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ وَيُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى السُّجُودِ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ - خَاشِعَةً أَبْصَارُهُمْ تَرْهَقُهُمْ ذِلَّةٌ وَقَدْ كَانُوا يُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى السُّجُودِ وَهُمْ سَالِمُونَ﴾ [القلم: ٤٢ - ٤٣] [الْقَلَمِ] . وَمِنْ ذَلِكَ: خُشُوعُ الْأَصْوَاتِ، كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَخَشَعَتِ الْأَصْوَاتُ لِلرَّحْمَنِ﴾ [طه: ١٠٨] [طَهَ: ١٠٨] وَهُوَ انْخِفَاضُهَا وَسُكُونُهَا، وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَتَرَى الظَّالِمِينَ لَمَّا رَأَوُا الْعَذَابَ يَقُولُونَ هَلْ إِلَى مَرَدٍّ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ - وَتَرَاهُمْ يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَيْهَا خَاشِعِينَ مِنَ الذُّلِّ يَنْظُرُونَ مِنْ طَرْفٍ خَفِيٍّ﴾ [الشورى: ٤٤ - ٤٥] [الشُّورَى: ٤٤، ٤٥] وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَاشِعَةٌ - عَامِلَةٌ نَاصِبَةٌ - تَصْلَى نَارًا حَامِيَةً - تُسْقَى مِنْ عَيْنٍ آنِيَةٍ﴾ [الغاشية: ٢ - ٥] [الْغَاشِيَةِ] وَهَذَا يَكُونُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَهَذَا هُوَ الصَّوَابُ مِنَ الْقَوْلَيْنِ بِلَا رَيْبٍ، كَمَا قَالَ فِي الْقِسْمِ الْآخَرِ: ﴿وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَاعِمَةٌ - لِسَعْيِهَا رَاضِيَةٌ - فِي جَنَّةٍ عَالِيَةٍ﴾ [الغاشية: ٨ - ١٠] [الْغَاشِيَةِ] وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ نَافِلَةً وَكُلًّا جَعَلْنَا صَالِحِينَ - وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَ الْخَيْرَاتِ وَإِقَامَ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءَ الزَّكَاةِ وَكَانُوا لَنَا عَابِدِينَ﴾ [الأنبياء: ٧٢ - ٧٣] [الْأَنْبِيَاءِ] . وَإِذَا كَانَ الْخُشُوعُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَاجِبًا وَهُوَ مُتَضَمِّنٌ لِلسُّكُونِ وَالْخُشُوعِ، فَمَنْ نَقَرَ نَقْرَ الْغُرَابِ لَمْ يَخْشَعْ فِي سُجُودِهِ، وَكَذَلِكَ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ وَيَسْتَقِرَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْخَفِضَ لَمْ يَسْكُنْ؛ لِأَنَّ السُّكُونَ هُوَ الطُّمَأْنِينَةُ بِعَيْنِهَا، فَمَنْ لَمْ يَطْمَئِنَّ لَمْ يَسْكُنْ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْكُنْ لَمْ يَخْشَعْ فِي رُكُوعِهِ وَلَا فِي سُجُودِهِ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَخْشَعْ كَانَ آثِمًا عَاصِيًا، وَهُوَ الَّذِي بَيَّنَّاهُ.