The second was that he countered it with what he narrated from Ibn ʿUmar and Ibn ʿAbbās: that manumission takes effect without expiation. I have not found any renowned scholar to whom as much transmitted knowledge from the Companions had reached on this issue as had reached Ahmad.

Al-Marwazī said: Abū ʿAbd Allāh said, “If a man says, ‘Every slave he owns is free,’ his slaves become free if he breaks his oath, for there is no expiation in cases of divorce or manumission.” He also said, “In the hadith of Laylā bint al-ʿAjmāʾ—the hadith of Abū Rāfiʿ—no one other than al-Taymī includes the words, ‘Every slave she owns is free,’ in the report stating that ‘she consulted Ibn ʿUmar, Hafsa, and Zaynab, mentioned manumission, and they instructed her to offer expiation.’ Hamīd and others did not mention manumission.”

Al-Marwazī said: “I asked Abū ʿAbd Allāh about the hadith of Abū Rāfiʿ—the account of his patroness swearing that he must separate from his wife—and how she consulted Ibn ʿUmar and Hafsa, who instructed her to offer expiation for an oath. I asked, ‘Is there anything to this report?’ He replied, ‘Yes. I hold that expiation for an oath is due in such a case.’ Abū ʿAbd Allāh said, ‘No one other than al-Taymī includes the words “Every slave” in it.’ I asked, ‘What if a man takes an oath invoking the manumission of his slave and then breaks it?’ He replied, ‘The slave becomes free.’

“He likewise narrated from Ibn ʿUmar and Ibn ʿAbbās that they said, ‘The slave woman becomes free.’ He then said, ‘We heard this only from ʿAbd al-Razzāq, from Maʿmar.’ I asked, ‘What is its chain of transmission?’ He replied, ‘Maʿmar, from Ismāʿīl, from ʿUthmān [ibn Hādir], from Ibn ʿUmar and Ibn ʿAbbās.’”

Ismāʿīl ibn Umayya and Ayyūb ibn Mūsā—both Meccans—said that [they distinguished] between an oath invoking divorce or manumission and an oath involving a vow, [because neither of the former] can be discharged by expiation. Ahmad followed what had reached him on the matter [from Ibn ʿUmar and Ibn ʿAbbās, using it to counter the report concerning expiation] from Ibn ʿUmar, Hafsa, and Zaynab, especially since al-Taymī alone transmitted this addition. And Sālih ibn