Al-Qawa'id al-Nuraniyya - Ibn Taimiya - (49)

Al-Qawa'id al-NuraniyyaIbn Taimiya

[al-Baqarah: 43, 83, 110; al-Nisā’: 76; Yūnus: 87; al-Hajj: 78; al-Nūr: 56; al-Rūm: 31; al-Mujādilah: 13; and al-Muzzammil: 31].

Allah Most High says: “Indeed, man was created restless: when harm touches him, he is fretful, and when good touches him, he is withholding—except those who pray” [al-Ma‘ārij: 19–22] [al-Ma‘ārij].

Allah Most High also says: “Successful indeed are the believers: those who are humbly submissive in their prayer; those who turn away from idle talk; those who give zakat; those who guard their chastity, except with their wives or those whom their right hands possess, for then they are free from blame; but whoever seeks beyond that—it is they who are the transgressors; those who faithfully observe their trusts and covenants; and those who carefully maintain their prayers” [al-Mu’minūn: 1–9] [al-Mu’minūn].

Allah Most High says: “Seek help through patience and prayer. Indeed, it is burdensome except for the humbly submissive” [al-Baqarah: 45] [al-Baqarah]. Allah Most High also says: “Then they were succeeded by generations who neglected prayer and pursued their desires, so they will meet perdition” [Maryam: 59] [Maryam]. Allah Most High says: “When you are secure, establish the prayer. Indeed, prayer has been prescribed for the believers at appointed times” [al-Nisā’: 103] [al-Nisā’: 103]. Allah Most High also says: “Carefully maintain the prayers, especially the middle prayer, and stand before Allah in devout obedience” [al-Baqarah: 238] [al-Baqarah]. The evidentiary import of these verses will be explained later.

Al-Bukhārī and Muslim narrated in the two Sahih collections, as did the compilers of the Sunan collections—Abū Dāwūd, al-Tirmidhī, al-Nasā’ī, and Ibn Mājah—and the compilers of Musnad works, such as the Musnad of Ahmad, among other foundational works of Islam, from Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him): “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) entered the mosque. A man then entered, came over, and greeted the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned his greeting and said, ‘Go back and pray, for you have not prayed.’ The man went back and prayed as he had prayed before, then greeted him again. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, ‘And peace be upon you.’ He then said, ‘Go back and pray, for you have not prayed.’ This happened three times. The man then said, ‘By Him who sent you with the truth, I cannot do any better than this, so teach me.’ He said, ‘When you rise to pray

[الْبَقَرَةِ: ٤٣، ٨٣، ١١٠، وَالنِّسَاءِ: ٧٦، وَيُونُسَ: ٨٧، وَالْحَجِّ: ٧٨، وَالنُّورِ: ٥٦، وَالرُّومِ: ٣١، وَالْمُجَادَلَةِ: ١٣، وَالْمُزَّمِّلِ: ٣١] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿إِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ خُلِقَ هَلُوعًا - إِذَا مَسَّهُ الشَّرُّ جَزُوعًا - وَإِذَا مَسَّهُ الْخَيْرُ مَنُوعًا - إِلَّا الْمُصَلِّينَ﴾ [المعارج: ١٩ - ٢٢] [الْمَعَارِجِ] ، وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ - وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنِ اللَّغْوِ مُعْرِضُونَ - وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِلزَّكَاةِ فَاعِلُونَ - وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِفُرُوجِهِمْ حَافِظُونَ - إِلَّا عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِمْ أوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ غَيْرُ مَلُومِينَ - فَمَنِ ابْتَغَى وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْعَادُونَ - وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِأَمَانَاتِهِمْ وَعَهْدِهِمْ رَاعُونَ - وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَلَى صَلَوَاتِهِمْ يُحَافِظُونَ﴾ [المؤمنون: ١ - ٩] [الْمُؤْمِنُونَ] . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَاسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ وَالصَّلَاةِ وَإِنَّهَا لَكَبِيرَةٌ إِلَّا عَلَى الْخَاشِعِينَ﴾ [البقرة: ٤٥] [الْبَقَرَةِ] ، وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَخَلَفَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ أَضَاعُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَاتَّبَعُوا الشَّهَوَاتِ فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا﴾ [مريم: ٥٩] [مَرْيَمَ] ، وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَإِذَا اطْمَأْنَنْتُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَوْقُوتًا﴾ [النساء: ١٠٣] [النِّسَاءِ: ١٠٣] ، وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٣٨] [الْبَقَرَةِ] ، وَسَيَأْتِي بَيَانُ الدَّلَالَةِ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ. وَقَدْ أَخْرَجَ الْبُخَارِيُّ ومسلم فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ، وَأَخْرَجَ أَصْحَابُ السُّنَنِ - أبو داود وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ - وَأَصْحَابُ الْمَسَانِيدِ كَمُسْنَدِ أحمد وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أُصُولِ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنْ أَبَى هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁: «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ، فَدَخَلَ رَجُلٌ ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَرَدَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَقَالَ: ارْجِعْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ، فَرَجَعَ الرَّجُلُ فَصَلَّى كَمَا كَانَ صَلَّى ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ارْجِعْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ، حَتَّى فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا أُحْسِنُ غَيْرَ هَذَا، فَعَلِّمْنِي، قَالَ: إِذَا قُمْتَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ