the expressions used by the Companions: tamattu with Umra followed by Hajj is a designation for anyone who performs Umra during the months of Hajj and then performs Hajj in the same year, whether he combines them under a single ihrām or exits his ihrām. This broad sense of tamattu includes qirān. For that reason, according to the great majority of jurists, the one performing qirān must offer a sacrificial animal, since he falls within the general purport of the words of Allah Most High: “Whoever performs Umra followed by Hajj must offer whatever sacrificial animal is readily available” [al-Baqarah: 196] [al-Baqarah: 196]. The term “tamattu,” however, may be used specifically for someone who performs Umra and then enters ihrām for Hajj after completing his Umra.

Thus, when any of the Companions said, “He performed tamattu with Umra followed by Hajj,” they did not mean that he had exited his ihrām. Rather, they meant that he combined the two rites during his Hajj, performing Umra in the months of Hajj. They did not, however, specify whether he had entered ihrām for Umra before circumambulating the House and performing the rite between the two hills, or had entered ihrām for Hajj afterward. If he had entered ihrām for Hajj before both rites, he was unquestionably performing qirān. If, however, he entered ihrām for Hajj only after circumambulating the House and performing the rite between the two hills, without having exited his ihrām, he is called one performing tamattu because he performed Umra before entering ihrām for Hajj; and he is also called one performing qirān because he entered ihrām for Hajj before exiting his ihrām for Umra. Hence, some scholars of our school call him one performing tamattu, others call him one performing qirān, and still others apply both designations to him—which is the most correct. This applies to tamattu in its specific sense. In its broad sense, however, it unquestionably includes this case.

Even so, the correct view is the one Ahmad affirmed categorically: the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered ihrām for Hajj before performing the circumambulation, as shown by his words, “Here I am, O Allah, for Umra and Hajj”—even if this was from the very moment he entered ihrām for Umra—and by His words, Glorified is He: “then a fast of three days during Hajj” [al-Baqarah: 196] [al-Baqarah: 196]. This is because Umra became incorporated into Hajj, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said.

[THE UMRA OF ONE PERFORMING TAMATTU IS PART OF HIS HAJJ, SO A SACRIFICIAL ANIMAL BROUGHT ALONG IS NOT TO BE SLAUGHTERED UNTIL HE ENDS HIS STATE OF RITUAL UNTIDINESS]

When the Umra of [one performing tamattu] is part of his Hajj, a sacrificial animal brought along is not to be slaughtered until he ends his state of ritual untidiness, as Allah Most High says: “Then let them end their state of ritual untidiness and fulfill their vows” [al-Hajj: 29]