all together; indeed, He is the All-Forgiving, the Most Merciful. And turn in repentance to your Lord and submit yourselves to Him’ (Al-Zumar: 53–54).
Such, then, is our religion and our creed, both outwardly and inwardly. We declare before Allah our disavowal of everyone who opposes what we have set forth and clarified.
What each person is duty-bound to do is to pursue the means to mercy—repentance and turning one’s face in full submission to Allah, exalted be He. By doing so he secures Allah’s mercy, for His mercy is near to the doers of good, and excellence (iḥsān) is the very cause of that mercy. This is the stance of Ahl al-Sunnah wa’l-Jamāʿah, a position between two extremes:
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The Murjiʾah, who contend that no sin harms a believer; if faith abides in the heart, sin is irrelevant. Feeling completely safe from Allah’s devising, they maintain that deeds are not part of faith, so a person, in their view, will enter Paradise even if he has done nothing at all. This doctrine has ruined society: people have shed the restraints of religion because of it, saying, “Since we will enter Paradise anyway, there is no need for deeds,” and they do as they please.
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The threat-oriented Khārijites, who pronounce unbelief upon anyone committing major sins short of polytheism and insist that every threat of punishment mentioned by Allah must invariably be carried out. Yet while Allah has indeed threatened the sinners, He has also said, “Indeed, Allah does not forgive associating others with Him, but He forgives anything less than that for whom He wills” (An-Nisāʾ: 48). Such sinners therefore remain under His will.
The truth is with Ahl al-Sunnah wa’l-Jamāʿah, who steer a middle course between complacent security and hopeful expectation, between fear and despair. They say: Fear and hope for a human being are like the two wings of a bird—both must be sound. If either wing is damaged, the bird falls; likewise, if either fear or hope is deficient, a person will collapse. Balance is therefore essential, just as a bird’s two wings are balanced.
That is, everything we have mentioned in this creed from beginning to end,