al-Taliqat al-Mukhtasarah ala Matn al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah - Salih Al-Fawzan - (166)

We leave their hidden affairs to Allah the Exalted, and we do not deem it permissible to raise the sword against anyone from the community of Muhammad—peace and blessings be upon him. Rather, we think well of them, consign their inner secrets to Allah, and have not been instructed to probe into people and their conditions. What is required is to cover the Muslim’s faults, assume the best about him, and foster brotherhood among the Muslims. (1) “The believers are but brothers.” (Qur’an 49:10)

It is unlawful to kill a Muslim or regard his blood as permissible, for Allah has made him inviolable by virtue of Islam. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “I have been commanded to fight the people until they declare, ‘There is no god but Allah.’ When they do so, they protect their blood and their property from me—except for a right that is due—and their reckoning rests with Allah.” (2) Thus, anyone who outwardly manifests Islam, pronounces the two testimonies of faith, and has shown no nullifier of Islam, his blood is sacred; it is impermissible to assault him or shed his blood. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, also said: “Your blood, your property, and your honour are sacred to you, like the sanctity—”

(1) Ibn Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim; he does not wrong him nor abandon him. Whoever attends to his brother’s need, Allah will attend to his need. Whoever relieves a Muslim of a distress, Allah will relieve him of one of the distresses of the Day of Resurrection. And whoever conceals a Muslim’s fault, Allah will conceal his faults on the Day of Resurrection.” Recorded by al-Bukhari, no. 2442, and Muslim, no. 2580. (2) Recorded by al-Bukhari, nos. 25, 392, and 2946, and by Muslim, nos. 21 and 22.

ونذر سرائرهم إلى الله تعالى: ولا نرى السيف على أحد من أمة محمد صلى الله عليه ــ نحسن الظن بهم، وسرائرهم إلى الله تعالى، ولم نكلف أن نبحث عن الناس وعن أحوالهم، والواجب ستر المسلم وإحسان الظن به، والتآخي بين المسلمين (١) (إنما المؤمنون إخوة) [الحجرات: ١٠] . لا يجوز قتل المسلم، واستباحة دمه؛ لأن الله عصمه بالإسلام، قال ﵊: "أُمرت أن أُقاتل الناس حتى يقولوا: لا إله إلا الله، فإذا قالوها فقد عصموا مني دماءهم وأموالهم إلا بحقها، وحسابهم على الله" (٢) فمن أظهر الإسلام ونطق بالشهادتين، ولم يظهر منه ناقض من نواقض الإسلام، فإن دمه حرام، فلا يجوز الاعتداء عليه وسفك دمه، قال ﵊: "إن دماءكم وأموالكم وأعراضكم عليكم حرام، كحرمة

(١) فعن ابن عمر ﵄ أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: "المسلم أخو المسلم، لا يظلمه ولا يسلمه ومن كان في حاجة أخيه كان الله في حاجته، ومن فرّج عن مسلم كربة فرج الله عنه كربة من كربات يوم القيامة، ومن ستر مسلماً سرته الله يوم القيامة". ...أخرجه البخاري (رقم٢٤٤٢) ومسلم (رقم ٢٥٨٠) . (٢) أخرجه البخاري (رقم٢٥، ٣٩٢، ٢٩٤٦) ومسلم (رقم ٢١، ٢٢) .