Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

‘And speak to him gently, so that he may take heed or fear.’
Tā Hā 44.”

I say:

What the hadith states is that the devils commanded them to associate with Him that for which He had sent down no authority. This is the widespread disease affecting most of the children of Adam: associating partners with Allah, as He, Most High, says:

“Most of them do not believe in Allah without also associating partners with Him.”
Yūsuf 106.

As for taʿtīl (denial), it is a disease confined to particular individuals and scarcely arises except from obstinate defiance, as happened with Pharaoh.

The hadith does not say that the devils enticed them to regard themselves as having no need of the Creator. That occurs only among certain people, or among many people under certain circumstances. It is a form of sophistry—indeed, the worst form of sophistry. Sophistry does not persist universally among large numbers of people; rather, it affects certain people, or many people with respect to certain matters.

He said:

“Whoever journeys towards Allah finds the distance shortened with even the slightest inward turn, recognizing his need for Him in his coming into being, his continued existence, and his changing states and circumstances. He then gains insight, proceeding from the signs on the horizons to the signs within the self. Then he takes Him as evidence for the dominion, rather than the dominion as evidence for Him…”
And so on.

{فقولا له قولا لينا لعله يتذكر أو يخشى} طه ٤٤. قلت: الذي في الحديث: إن الشياطين امرتهم أن يشركوا به ما لم ينزل به سلطاناً وهذا المرض العام في أكثر بني آدام وهو الشرك كما قال تعالى {وما يؤمن أكثرهم بالله إلا وهم مشركون} يوسف ١٠٦ وأما التعطيل فهو مرض خاص لا يكاد يقع إلا عن عناد كما وقع لفرعون. وليس في الحديث أن الشياطين سولت لهم الاستغناء عن الصانع فإن هذا لا يقع إلا خاصاً لبعض الناس أو لكثير منهم في بعض الأحوال وهو جنس السفسطة بل هو شر السفسطة والسفسطة لا تكون عامة لعدد كثير دائماً بل تعرض لبعض الناس أو لكثير منهم في بعض الأشياء قال: ومن رحل إلى الله قربت مسافته حيث رجع إلى نفسه أدنى رجوع فعرف احتياجه إليه في تكوينه وبقائه وتقلبه في أحواله وأنحائه ثم استبصر من آيات الآفاق إلى آيات الأنفس ثم استشهد به على الملكوت لا بالملكوت عليه ... الخ

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