Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

Abd al-Azīz said:

I said to Bishr, “Do you not say that Allah existed when nothing else existed, and that He had not yet done anything or created anything?”

He said, “Yes.”

I said, “Then how did things come into existence after they had not existed? Did they bring themselves into existence, or did Allah bring them into existence?”

He said, “Allah brought them into existence.”

I said to him, “Then by what did things come into existence when Allah brought them into existence?”

He said, “He brought them into existence through His power, which has always existed.”

I said to him, “He brought them into existence through His power, as you have stated. Do you not say that He has always possessed power?”

He said, “Yes.”

I said to him, “Do you then say that He has always acted?”

He said, “I do not say this.”

I said to him, “Then you must necessarily say that He created through an act that proceeded from His power. The act is not the power, for power is an attribute of Allah. It is not said of an attribute of Allah that it is Allah, nor that it is other than Allah.”

Bishr said, “You, too, must say that Allah has always acted and created. If you say that, it follows that created things have always existed alongside Allah.”

Abd al-Azīz said:

I said to Bishr, “You have no right to pass judgment on me, impose upon me a conclusion that does not follow from my position, or attribute to me something I have not said. I did not say:

قال عبد العزيز: فقلت لبشر: ألست تقول: إن الله كان ولا شيء، وكان ولما يفعل شيئاً ولما يخلق شيئاً؟ قال: بلى. فقلت: فبأي شيء حدثت الأشياء بعد أن لم تكن شيئاً؟ أهي أحدثت نفسها أم الله أحدثها؟ فقال: الله أحدثها، فقلت له: فبأي شيء حدثت الأشياء إذ أحدثها الله؟ قال: أحدثها بقدرته التي لم تزل. قلت له: إنه أحدثها بقدرته كما ذكرت، أفليس تقول: إنه لم يزل قادراً؟ قال: بلى. قلت له: فتقول: إنه لم يزل يفعل؟ قال: لا أقول هذا. قلت له: فلا بد أن يلزمك أن تقول: أنه خلق بالفعل الذي كان عن القدرة، وليس الفعل هو القدرة، لأن القدرة صفة لله. ولا يقال لصفة الله هي الله ولا هي غير الله، فقال بشر: ويلزمك أنت أيضاً أن تقول: إن الله لم يزل يفعل ويخلق، وإذا قلت ذلك فقد ثبت أن المخلوق لم يزل مع الله. قال عبد العزيز: فقلت لبشر: ليس لك أن تحكم علي وتلزمني مالا يلزمني وتحكي عني ما لم أقل، إني لم أقل:

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