with Allah’s statements, and his commands accord with Allah’s commands. Just as he commands what is in the Book, what explains the Book, and what is not specifically mentioned in the Book, he likewise conveys what is in the Book, what explains the Book, and what is not specifically mentioned in the Book.

Thus, his statements on this subject mention the Lord’s acts: His creation, provision, justice, kindness, rewarding, and punishing. They mention the various kinds of His speech and His speaking to His angels, His prophets, and others among His servants. They also mention His pleasure and anger, His love and hatred, His joy and laughter, and other matters belonging to this subject.

People fall into three groups regarding this subject:

[People fall into three groups concerning the acts of Allah Most High]

The pure Jahmīs among the Muʿtazilites and those who agree with them regard all of this as created and separate from Allah Most High.

The Kullābīs and those who agree with them regard whatever they affirm of these matters as either individually eternal and inseparable from Allah’s essence, or created and separate from Him.

The majority of hadith scholars and some groups of theologians say: Rather, there is a third category, subsisting in Allah’s essence and connected with His will and power, as numerous scriptural texts indicate.