so Abū Bakr gathered his companions and said, “Have I not repeatedly forbidden you to engage in speculative theology?” He said nothing more to them on that day. He related that Abū Bakr later came out to his companions, wrote a refutation of them, and that they challenged him, accusing him of adopting Jahm’s view that the Quran is newly originated, while he classified them as Kullābīs.

Al-Hākim said:

“I heard Abū Abd al-Rahmān ibn Ahmad al-Muqri’ say that he heard Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn Ishāq say:

‘The position I hold is that the Quran is Allah’s speech, His revelation, and what He has sent down; it is uncreated. Whoever says that the Quran, or any part of it, of His revelation, or of what He has sent down, is created; or says that Allah does not speak after having spoken in eternity past; or says that Allah’s acts are created; or says that the Quran is newly originated; or says that any of Allah’s attributes—the attributes of His Essence—or any of His names is created: such a person, in my judgment, is a Jahmī who must be called upon to repent; failing repentance, he is to be beheaded. This is my position and the position of the scholars devoted to transmitted reports whom I have met in the East and the West. Whoever attributes to me anything contrary to this is a liar and a slanderer. Anyone who examines the books I have written will clearly see that the Kullābiyyah are lying when they attribute to me views contrary to my fundamental position and religious belief.’”

He also related that Ibn Khuzaymah said:

“Some of these ignorant men who have emerged this year claim that Allah does not repeat His speech. They do not understand the Book of Allah, for