And among them is saying about Allah what is not true, as in His words:

“Was not the covenant of the Scripture taken from them that they would say nothing about Allah except the truth?” [Al-Aʿrāf: 169].

And His words:

“Do not go to extremes in your religion, and say nothing about Allah except the truth.” [Al-Nisāʾ: 171].

Among them is disputing without knowledge, as in the words of the Most High:

“Here you are—you have argued about that of which you have knowledge. Why, then, do you argue about that of which you have no knowledge?” [Āl ʿImrān: 66].

Among them is disputing the truth after it has become clear, as in the words of the Most High:

“They dispute with you concerning the truth after it has become clear.” [Al-Anfāl: 6].

Among them is disputing by means of falsehood, as in His words:

“They disputed by means of falsehood to refute the truth with it.” [Ghāfir: 5].

Among them is disputing concerning His signs, as in the words of the Most High:

“None dispute concerning Allah’s signs except those who disbelieve.” [Ghāfir: 4].

And His words:

“Those who dispute concerning Allah’s signs without any authority having come to them—this is greatly hateful in the sight of Allah and of those who believe.” [Ghāfir: 35].

And the Most High says:

“Indeed, those who dispute concerning Allah’s signs without any authority having come to them have nothing in their hearts but a desire for greatness they will never attain.” [Ghāfir: 56].

And His words:

“And that those who dispute concerning Our signs may know that they have no escape.” [Al-Shūrā: 35].

Similar to this are His words:

“As for those who argue concerning Allah after His call has been answered, their argument is invalid in the sight of their Lord.” [Al-Shūrā: 16],