Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

This occurs frequently in the Quran, as in His words, Exalted is He:

“Do they have feet with which they walk, or hands with which they strike, or eyes with which they see, or ears with which they hear?” [al-A'rāf: 195].

And His words, Exalted is He:

“Say, ‘Do you inform Allah of something He does not know in the heavens or on the earth?’” [Yūnus: 18].

And His words:

“Have you considered al-Lāt and al-'Uzzā, and Manāt, the third, the other? Is the male for you and the female for Him?” [al-Najm: 19–21].

Another example is their saying:

“Is this the one whom Allah has sent as a messenger?” [al-Furqān: 41].

And the disbelievers’ saying:

“When we have died and become dust and bones, will we really be resurrected—and our forefathers too?” [al-Sāffāt: 16–17].

When the thing being asked about does exist, the answer points to its existence.

This is why Moses answered those who denied by pointing to what establishes the existence of the Maker, glorified is He. For the dependence of the heavens and the earth and whatever lies between them, the east and the west, and existing beings and their effects upon the Maker—and the fact that this is firmly rooted in their innate nature—is something that can only be denied out of obstinacy.

As He, Exalted is He, said:

“They rejected them, though their souls were certain of them, out of injustice and arrogance” [al-Naml: 14].

Moses, peace be upon him, mentioned the heavens and the earth, night and day, and earlier and later generations. He thus mentioned above and below, right and left, and ahead and behind. These are the six directions relative to a human being. He also mentioned precedence

وهذا في القرآن كثير، كقوله تعالى: {ألهم أرجل يمشون بها أم لهم أيد يبطشون بها أم لهم أعين يبصرون بها أم لهم آذان يسمعون بها} [الأعراف: ١٩٥] . وقوله تعالى: {قل أتنبئون الله بما لا يعلم في السماوات ولا في الأرض} [يونس: ١٨] . وقوله: {أفرأيتم اللات والعزى * ومناة الثالثة الأخرى * ألكم الذكر وله الأنثى} [النجم: ١٩-٢١] ومنه قولهم: {أهذا الذي بعث الله رسولا} [الفرقان: ٤١] . وقول الكفار: {أإذا متنا وكنا ترابا وعظاما أإنا لمبعوثون * أو آباؤنا الأولون} [الصافات: ١٦-١٧] . وإذا كان المسؤول عنه موجوداً، كان الجواب بما يدل على وجوده. فلهذا أجاب موسى للمنكرين بما يدل على إثبات الصانع سبحانه، فإن افتقار السماوات والأرض وما بينهما، والمشرق والمغرب، والموجودين وآثارهم، إلى الصانع، واستقرار ذلك في فطرهم -أمر لا يمكن إنكاره إلا عناداً. كما قال تعالى: {وجحدوا بها واستيقنتها أنفسهم ظلما وعلوا} [النمل: ١٤] . وذكر موسى عليه السلام السماوات والأرض، والليل والنهار، والأولين والآخرين، فذكر الأعلى والأسفل، والمتيامن والمتياسر، والمتقدم والمتأخر. وهذه هي الجهات الست للإنسان، وذكر التقدم

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