Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

Ibn Rushd said:

“As for the Mu'tazilites, none of their books has reached us in this peninsula from which we might learn the methods they followed in this matter. Their methods would seem to be of the same kind as those of the Ash'arites.”

I say:

The Mu'tazilites’ method is the very method he attributed to the Ash'arites; those who adopted it merely borrowed it from them. Thus, since al-Ash'arī sometimes agreed with them and sometimes with the early generations, the imams, and the adherents of hadith and the Sunnah, he condemned this method, as his previously quoted words show. In condemning and criticizing it, he agreed with the early generations and the imams.

Ibn Rushd read such Ash'arite books as were available to him and saw their reliance on this method. That is why he discussed it.

The most outstanding of the later Mu'tazilites was Abū al-Husayn al-Basrī. He relied on this method in all his books, even the one he entitled Ghurar al-adilla (The Choicest Proofs).

قال ابن رشد: وأما المعتزلة فإنه لم يصل إلينا في هذه الجزيرة من كتبهم شيء نقف منه على طرقهم التي سلكوها في هذا المعنى ويشبه أن تكون طرقهم شيئاً من جنس طرق الأشعرية. قلت: طريق المعتزلة هي الطريق التي ذكرها عن الأشعرية، وإنما أخذها من أخذها ولهذا لما كان الأشعري تارة يوافقهم، وتارة يوافق السلف والأئمة وأهل الحديث والسنة، ذم هذه الطريقة، كما تقدم ذكر كلامه في ذلك، فذمها وعابها موافقه للسلف والأئمة في ذلك. وابن رشد رأى ما رآه من كتب الأشعرية، فرأى اعتمادهم عليها، فذلك تكلم عليها. وأفضل متأخري المعتزلة هو أبو الحسين البصري، وعلى هذه الطريقة في كتبه كلها يعتمد، حتى في كتابه الذي سماه غرر الأدلة.

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