Creation and origination were included in it: is this something existent or something nonexistent? And is creation identical with the created thing, or distinct from it?

There are two well-known views on these questions. The majority hold that creation is not identical with the created thing. This is the position of most scholars among the followers of Abū Hanīfa, al-Shāfiʿī, Mālik and Ahmad. It is also the position of most dialectical theologians, including groups among the Muʿtazilites, the Murjiʾah and the Shīʿah, as well as the Karrāmiyyah and others. It is likewise the doctrine of the Sufis, as recorded by the author known as al-Kalābādhī in An Introduction to the Doctrines of Sufism. It is also the position of most early philosophers and a group of their later successors.