If the fourth case holds, then truth and falsehood, sound and unsound belief, and willing what benefits it and willing what harms it must all be equal to the natural disposition. This contradicts what is known through inward and outward perception and by self-evident necessity.

If the third case holds, then, when acting, knowing and being ignorant, and being guided and going astray, must be equal to it. When outward motives are equal, it would have no inclination towards either. This, too, contradicts what is known through perception and by necessity.

If the second case holds, then willing beneficial good and willing harmful evil must always be equal to it whenever external motives are equal. This, too, contradicts inward and outward perception and self-evident necessity.

It is therefore clear that these are not equal to it. Rather, it favors both knowing the truth and acting upon it.

One cannot, then, be naturally disposed towards either Judaism or Christianity, still less towards Zoroastrianism. Rather, one must be naturally disposed towards upright monotheism, which encompasses knowing the truth and acting upon it. This is what was to be established.

[Section on the words of Allah Most High:
“And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me.”]

Section on the words of Allah Most High:
“And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me.”

Allah Most High says:

“And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me.”

People hold two views concerning this worship for which they were created.

The first is that they did perform this worship. Among those who hold this view, some say that all of them were created for it, while others say that only some of them were created for it.