Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

“And to Him belongs the highest description in the heavens and the earth.”
al-Rūm: [27]

And He says:

“O people, if you are in doubt about the Resurrection, then We created you from dust, then from a drop of sperm, then from a clinging clot, then from a lump of flesh, formed and unformed, so that We may make things clear to you.”
al-Hajj: [5]

Likewise, consider what He mentions in His saying:

“And he presents an example for Us and forgets his own creation. He says, ‘Who will give life to bones when they are decayed?’ Say, ‘He who brought them into being the first time will give them life.’”
and the following verses, Yā Sīn: [78–82]

For the words of Allah Most High, “Who will give life to bones when they are decayed?”, constitute a syllogism in which one premise has been omitted because it is evident. The other is a universal negative proposition accompanied by its supporting argument: the example presented in His saying, “And he presents an example for Us and forgets his own creation. He says, ‘Who will give life to bones when they are decayed?’”

This is a rhetorical question expressing denial and implying a negation: no one can give life to bones when they are decayed. In his view, their decay prevents their being brought back to life because they have become dry and cold, conditions incompatible with life, which depends on heat and moisture; because their parts have become scattered and mixed with other things; and because of similar specious objections.

The implied argument is:

These bones are decayed; no one can give life to bones when they are decayed; therefore, no one can give life to these bones.

But this negative proposition is false: it asserts that restoring life is impossible. He, glorified is He, therefore explained its possibility in several ways, demonstrating the possibility of things even more remote than this and His power to accomplish them. He said:

“He who brought them into being the first time will give them life.”

He had brought them into being from dust. Then He said:

“And He has full knowledge of every creation.” [Yā Sīn: 79]

This makes clear His knowledge of the parts that have become scattered or undergone transformation. Then He said:

“He who made fire for you from the green tree.” [Yā Sīn: 80]

He thus explained that He brought forth hot fire

{وله المثل الأعلى في السماوات والأرض} الروم: [٢٧] ، وقال {يا أيها الناس إن كنتم في ريب من البعث فإنا خلقناكم من تراب ثم من نطفة ثم من علقة ثم من مضغة مخلقة وغير مخلقة لنبين لكم} الحج: [٥] . وكذلك ما ذكر في قوله {وضرب لنا مثلا ونسي خلقه قال من يحيي العظام وهي رميم * قل يحييها الذي أنشأها أول مرة} الآيات يس: [٧٨ـ٨٢] فإن قول الله تعالي {من يحيي العظام وهي رميم} قياس حذفت إحدى مقدمتيه لظهورها، والأخرى سالبة كلية قرن معها دليلها، وهو المثل المضروب الذي ذكره بقوله {وضرب لنا مثلا ونسي خلقه قال من يحيي العظام وهي رميم} وهذا استفهام إنكار متضمن للنفي، إي لا أحد يحيي العظام وهي رميم، فإن كونها رميماً يمنع عنده إحياءها لمصيرها إلي حال اليبس والبرودة المنافية للحياة التي مبناها علي الحرارة والرطوبة، ولتفرق أجزائها واختلاطها بغيرها، ولنحو ذلك من الشبهات. والتقدير: هذه العظام رميم، ولا أحد يحيي العظام وهي رميم، فلا أحد يحييها. ولكن هذه السالبة كاذبة، ومضمونها امتناع الإحياء، فبين سبحانه إمكانه من وجوه بيان إمكان ما هو أبعد من ذلك وقدرته عليه فقال {يحييها الذي أنشأها أول مرة} وقد أنشأها من التراب، ثم قال {وهو بكل خلق عليم} [يس: ٧٩] ليبين علمه بما تفرق من الأجزاء أو استحال، ثم قال {الذي جعل لكم من الشجر الأخضر نارا} [يس: ٨٠] فبين أنه أخرج النار الحارة

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