Imam Ahmad said:

It was said that he was from Harrān. From him, al-Jahm ibn Safwān adopted the doctrine of those who deny the divine attributes. Harrān was home to the leading authorities among these Sabian philosophers, the remaining adherents of this religion of polytheism and denial of the divine attributes and actions. They wrote works on invoking the celestial bodies, such as those composed by Thābit ibn Qurra and other Sabian philosophers of Harrān, and by Abū Maʿshar al-Balkhī and others like him. There they had a temple of the First Cause ن, a temple of the Active Intellect, a temple of the Universal Soul, and temples of Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, the Sun, Venus, Mercury, and the Moon. This has been discussed at length elsewhere.

[The second point]

If his words,

“This is my Lord,”

meant that it was the Lord of all worlds, then the account of Allah’s intimate friend would be evidence for the opposite of what they seek to establish. For the star, the moon, and the sun were each continually moving from the time they rose until they set and disappeared; each was a small, moving body occupying space.

If this were what he meant, it would follow that Abraham did not regard movement and change of position as preventing a moving body from being the Lord of all worlds, nor even its being as small as the star, the sun, or the moon.

No rational person, even one of lesser standing than Abraham—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—would entertain such a notion. Yet if they allow that he could have done so, it would be evidence against them, not for them.

[The third point]

Setting means disappearing and becoming hidden, not merely moving and changing position. No one—whether a scholar of language or of Quranic exegesis—says that the sun and moon are setting while they are travelling through the sky, nor does anyone say of the stars