Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

described as occurring only after an infinite succession, so that it depends upon an infinity, and an infinity must be traversed to reach it?

Moreover, with each new moment, the number of those states increases. How can an infinite number increase?

Some of these thinkers said that the world comes into existence when it is most fitting for it to exist. Others said that it could not have come into existence except when it did. Still others said that its existence depends neither on a particular time nor on anything else, but on the agent, and that one does not ask why. Such, then, are these thinkers.”

He said:

“Opposing them is another group of those who affirm the oneness of the First. They maintain that the Necessary Existent in Himself is necessarily existent in all His eternal attributes and states; that, within sheer nonexistence, there is no distinction between a state in which it would be more fitting for Him not to bring anything into existence—or for things not to come into existence from Him at all—and a state in which the contrary would be the case; that no newly occurring will can arise in Him without a motive; and that

توصف بأنها لا تكون إلا بعد ما لا نهاية له، فتكون موقوفة على ما لا نهاية له، فيقطع إليها ما لا نهاية له. ثم كل وقت يتجدد يزداد عدد تلك الاحوال، وكيف يزداد عدد ما لا نهاية له؟ ومن هؤلاء من قال: إن العالم يوجد حين كان أصلح لوجوده، ومنهم من قال: لم يمكن وجوده إلا حين وجد، ومنهم من قال: لا يتعلق وجوده بحين وشيء آخر بل بالفاعل، ولا يسأل عن لم فهؤلاء هؤلاء) . قال: (وبإزاء هؤلاء قوم من القائلين بوحدانية الأول، يقولون: إن واجب الوجود بذاته واجب الوجود في جميع صفاته وأحواله الأزلية، وأنه ليس يتميز في العدم الصريح حال الأولى به فيها أن لا يوجد شيئاً، أو بالأشياء أن لا توجد عنه أصلاً، وحال بخلافها، ولا يجوز أن تسنح له إرادة متجددة إلا لداع، وأن

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