Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

In discussing the Quran’s evidence for both matters, this innovator made the statements discussed above, and we have already pointed out how profoundly their author strayed from the truths that Allah revealed to His Messenger.

For this reason, the Quran’s method concerning what it affirms of the Lord Most High and what it denies of Him rests on a fortiori reasoning, not on reasoning that treats its individual cases equally or makes the case under consideration equivalent to the original case.

Allah Most High says:

“Those who do not believe in the Hereafter have evil attributes, whereas Allah has the highest attributes.”

This follows His words:

“When one of them is given news of a female child, his face darkens, and he is filled with suppressed grief.”

In another verse, He Most High says:

“When one of them is given news of what he has attributed to the Most Merciful.”

That is, what they have attributed to the Most Merciful as a description. The description they have attributed to Him is that of having daughters, which they themselves regard as an evil, blameworthy and defective description.

Thus, He Most High says:

“Those who do not believe in the Hereafter have evil attributes.”

Whoever says that He begot the angels, or that He begot the intellects or souls, does not believe in the Hereafter; hence, the evil description belongs to him.

Allah Most High has the highest description. No comparison may therefore place Him on an equal footing with another, for He has neither equal nor rival—let alone a comparison that ascribes deficiency to Him. Nor is a merely exalted description sufficient for Him; rather, His is the highest description, for He, glorified be He, is the Most High. Knowledge of Him is the highest knowledge, remembrance of Him is the highest remembrance, and love for Him is the highest love.

وهذا المبتدع ذكر في دلالة القرآن على هذا وعلى هذا ما تقدم التنبيه على فرط ضلال قائله عن حقائق ما أنزل الله على رسوله. ولهذا كانت طريقة القرآن فيما يثبته للرب تعالى وينفيه عنه مبنية على برهان الأولى، لا على البرهان الذي تستوي أفراده، أو يماثل فرعه أصله. قال تعالى: {للذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة مثل السوء ولله المثل الأعلى} ، بعد قوله: {وإذا بشر أحدهم بالأنثى ظل وجهه مسودا وهو كظيم} . وقال تعالى في الآية الأخرى: {وإذا بشر أحدهم بما ضرب للرحمن} ، أي بما ضربوه للرحمن مثلاً، والمثل الذي ضربوه له هو البنات، وهو عندهم مثل سوء مذموم معيب. فقال تعالى: {للذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة مثل السوء} ، ومن قال: إنه ولد الملائكة، أو قال: إنه ولد العقول أو النفوس، فإنه لا يؤمن بالآخرة، فله مثل السوء. والله تعالى له المثل الأعلى، فلا يضرب له المثل المساوي، إذا لا كفو ولا ند، فضلاً عن أن يضرب له المثل الناقص، ولا يكتفي في حقه بالمثل العالي، بل له المثل الأعلى، إذ هو الأعلى سبحانه، والعلم به أعلى العلوم، وذكره أعلى الأذكار، وحبه أعلى الحب.

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