This ruling is also established by other evidence, as reported in the authentic collection:

“The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by a woman nearing the end of her pregnancy at the entrance to a tent. He asked, ‘Could her master be having intercourse with her?’ They replied, ‘Yes.’ He said, ‘I have considered cursing him with a curse that would follow him into his grave. How can he bequeath the child when that is unlawful for him? How can he enslave him when that is unlawful for him?’”

Thus he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, explained that if the man has intercourse with that pregnant woman and waters another man’s crop with his semen, the additional growth he produces in the fetus makes him a partner with the other man in the child’s procreation. It is then unlawful for him to enslave the child or to have him inherited as part of his estate, just as his property is inherited. If this applies merely because he shares in the child’s procreation, even though the child was conceived from another man’s semen, how much more must it apply to a child conceived from his own?

Likewise, He, Exalted is He, says:

“And He is Knowing of all things.”

As He says in the other verse:

“He has accounted for them and counted them precisely.”

His encompassing knowledge and precise enumeration of them make clear that nothing proceeds from them except what He knows. They are not independent of Him in anything, as a child is independent of his father, or a partner of his partner.