refutes the opponents’ specious arguments concerning all of this, before these accidents can serve as evidence for what our opponents take them to prove. These opponents rely on them to establish the matters we have mentioned, since, in their view, knowledge of those matters is possible only after acquiring knowledge of everything we have just listed.

Each of the stages mentioned above is disputed, and discussion with them about it is protracted. Yet using the report of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, as evidence for the aforementioned knowledge of matters beyond the reach of our senses requires nothing of the kind—may Allah guide you. His signs and the proofs of his truthfulness are perceptible to the senses and directly witnessed. They have stirred hearts and prompted minds to examine the truth of what he calls to and to reflect upon what he presents as evidence of his truthfulness. Only a little reflection upon his signs is needed to recognize that they come from Allah Most High and that they cannot