as in His words, Most High:

“Allah has certainly heard the statement of those who said, ‘Allah is poor, while we are rich.’ We will record what they said and their killing of the prophets without right, and We will say, ‘Taste the punishment of the Burning Fire.’” [Āl ʿImrān: 181].

And His words, Most High:

“The Jews say, ‘Allah’s hand is chained.’ Chained are their hands, and cursed are they for what they say. Rather, both His hands are extended; He spends however He wills. What has been revealed to you from your Lord will surely increase many of them in rebellion and disbelief. We have cast among them enmity and hatred until the Day of Resurrection. Whenever they kindle a fire for war, Allah extinguishes it. They strive to spread corruption in the land, and Allah does not love those who spread corruption.” [al-Mā’idah: 64–65].

And His words, Most High:

“We certainly created the heavens and the earth and everything between them in six days, and no weariness touched Us.” [Qāf: 38].

He declared Himself free of the poverty, miserliness, and fatigue they attributed to Him. Fatigue is a form of incapacity, incompatible with perfect power. Poverty is a form of need for others, incompatible with perfect self-sufficiency. Miserliness is a form of withholding good and being unwilling to give, incompatible with perfect mercy and beneficence.

Perfect power and mercy, together with independence of others, entail all the other attributes of perfection. For if an agent is incapable, he does not act; if he is capable but does not will to do good, he does not do it. If, however, he is capable and wills to do good, he does it. Yet if he needs someone else, he is acting in exchange for something, rather than freely bestowing goodness, and he is deficient in another respect. But if, in addition to