Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

from the Reminder after it had come to me.’ And Satan ever abandons man.”
[Al-Furqān: 27–29].

Allah Most High says:

“On the Day their faces are turned about in the Fire, they will say, ‘If only we had obeyed Allah and obeyed the Messenger!’ * They will say, ‘Our Lord, we obeyed our masters and our leaders, and they led us astray from the path. * Our Lord, give them twice the punishment and curse them with a mighty curse!’”
[Al-Ahzāb: 66–68].

Allah Most High says:

“And when they dispute in the Fire, the weak will say to those who were arrogant, ‘We were your followers; can you then relieve us of any portion of the Fire?’ * Those who were arrogant will say, ‘We are all in it. Allah has indeed judged between His servants.’”
[Ghāfir: 47–48].

[The Fourth Argument]

It may be said: We do not concede that, even assuming the alleged conflict, it is impossible to affirm both. Rather, this is possible. For sound revelation does not affirm what clear reason denies: attributes of imperfection, or any likeness of the Creator to created beings or of His attributes to theirs. Nor does clear reason deny anything affirmed by sound, explicit revelation.

Thus, clear reason and sound revelation cannot conflict. Such a conflict is imagined only through misunderstanding what both signify, or what one of them signifies—as with the sophists and their like who oppose clear rational proofs, and the heretics who imagine that proofs from revelation conflict.

عن الذكر بعد إذ جاءني وكان الشيطان للإنسان خذولا} [الفرقان: ٢٧-٢٩] . وقال تعالى: {يوم تقلب وجوههم في النار يقولون يا ليتنا أطعنا الله وأطعنا الرسولا * وقالوا ربنا إنا أطعنا سادتنا وكبراءنا فأضلونا السبيلا * ربنا آتهم ضعفين من العذاب والعنهم لعنا كبيرا} [الأحزاب: ٦٦-٦٨] . وقال تعالى: {وإذ يتحاجون في النار فيقول الضعفاء للذين استكبروا إنا كنا لكم تبعا فهل أنتم مغنون عنا نصيبا من النار * قال الذين استكبروا إنا كل فيها إن الله قد حكم بين العباد} [غافر: ٤٧-٤٨] . [الوجه الرابع] أن يقال: لا نسلم أنه بتقدير ما يذكر من التعارض لا يمكن تصديقهما، بل يمكن ذلك، فإن ما ينفيه صريح العقل من صفات النقص وإثبات المماثلة بين الخالق وصفاته، والمخلوق وصفاته، لم يثبته السمع الصحيح، وما أثبته السمع الصحيح الصريح لم ينفه عقل صريح. وحينئذ فلا يجوز أن يتعارض العقل الصريح والسمع الصحيح، وإنما يظن تعارضهما من غلط مدلولهما أو مدلول أحدهما، كمن يعارض الدلالات العقلية الصريحة من السوفسطائية وأمثالهم، وكمن يظن تعارض الأدلة السمعية من الملاحدة.

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