and the statements of the early generations, they do not interpret in a way that contradicts those views. Rather, they either suppose it agrees with them or turn away from it, entrusting its meaning to Allah.

Such is the case with Abū Hātim al-Bustī, Abū Saʿd al-Sammān the Muʿtazilī, Abū Dharr al-Harawī, Abū Bakr al-Bayhaqī, Judge ʿIyād, Abū al-Faraj ibn al-Jawzī, Abū al-Hasan ʿAlī ibn al-Mufaddal al-Maqdisī, and others like them.

The second category:

Someone who exercises independent judgment in rational matters but errs in them, as others have erred, and thus shares some of the Jahmiyyah’s unsound premises, even though he does not