Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-Naql - Ibn Taimiya - (1/227)

Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

Thus, not everyone who acknowledges that Allah is the Lord and Creator of everything necessarily worships Him alone, calls upon Him alone, places his hope in Him alone and fears Him alone, shows allegiance and enmity for His sake, obeys His messengers, enjoins what He has commanded, and forbids what He has prohibited.

Allah Most High said:

“Fight them until there is no more polytheism and all worship is devoted to Allah.” [al-Anfāl: 39]

The polytheists generally acknowledged that Allah was the Creator of everything, yet affirmed intercessors whom they associated with Him and set up rivals to Him. Allah Most High said:

“Or have they taken intercessors besides Allah? Say, ‘Even though they possess nothing and have no understanding?’ * Say, ‘All intercession belongs to Allah.’” [al-Zumar: 43-44]

Allah Most High said:

“They worship besides Allah things that neither harm nor benefit them, and say, ‘These are our intercessors with Allah.’ Say, ‘Do you inform Allah of something He does not know in the heavens or on earth?’ Glory be to Him, and exalted is He above what they associate with Him.” [Yūnus: 18]

Allah Most High said:

“You have come to Us alone, just as We created you the first time, leaving behind everything We bestowed upon you. We do not see with you those intercessors of yours whom you claimed to be partners in your affairs. The bonds between you have been severed, and those whom you claimed have deserted you.” [al-An‘ām: 94]

Allah Most High said:

“Among people are those who take rivals besides Allah, loving them as they love Allah. But those who believe are stronger in their love for Allah.” [al-Baqarah: 165]

For this reason, some followers of these people prostrate to the sun, moon and stars, call upon them as they call upon Allah Most High, fast for them, perform devotional rites for them, and seek to draw near to them. Then one of them says: “This is not polytheism. It is only polytheism if I believe that they govern my affairs. If I regard them merely as a means and an intermediary, I am not a polytheist.”

فليس كل من أقر أن الله رب كل شيء وخالقه يكون عابداً له دون ما سواه، داعياً له دون سواه، راجيا له خائفا منه دون ما سواه، يوالي فيه، ويعادي فيه، ويطيع رسله، ويأمر بما أمر به، وينهى عما نهي عنه. وقد قال تعالى {وقاتلوهم حتى لا تكون فتنة ويكون الدين كله لله} [الأنفال: ٣٩] ، وعامة المشركين أقروا بأن الله خالق كل شيء وأثبتوا الشفعاء الذين يشركونهم به وجعلوا له أنداداً، قال تعالى {أم اتخذوا من دون الله شفعاء قل أو لو كانوا لا يملكون شيئا ولا يعقلون * قل لله الشفاعة جميعا} [الزمر: ٤٣-٤٤] . وقال تعالى {ويعبدون من دون الله ما لا يضرهم ولا ينفعهم ويقولون هؤلاء شفعاؤنا عند الله قل أتنبئون الله بما لا يعلم في السماوات ولا في الأرض سبحانه وتعالى عما يشركون} [يونس: ١٨] ، وقال تعالى {ولقد جئتمونا فرادى كما خلقناكم أول مرة وتركتم ما خولناكم وراء ظهوركم وما نرى معكم شفعاءكم الذين زعمتم أنهم فيكم شركاء لقد تقطع بينكم وضل عنكم ما كنتم تزعمون} [الأنعام: ٩٤] ، وقال تعالى {ومن الناس من يتخذ من دون الله أندادا يحبونهم كحب الله والذين آمنوا أشد حبا لله} [البقرة: ١٦٥] . ولهذا كان من أتباع هؤلاء من يسجد للشمس والقمر والكواكب، ويدعوها كما يدعو الله تعالي، ويصوم لها، وينسك لها، ويتقرب إليها، ثم يقول: إن هذا ليس بشرك: وإنما الشرك إذا اعتقدت أنها هي المدبرة لي، فإذا جعلتها سبباً وواسطة لم أكن مشركاً.