And adherents of religions know that angels and jinn exist in external reality, although most people do not perceive them through the senses. Rational people have no doubt that there may be something above the celestial spheres that we do not presently observe. This is self-evident.

[The third argument]

It may be said:

Those who affirm say: “Two entities cannot exist unless one is spatially separate from the other or shares its location.” Or they say: “There cannot exist an entity that cannot be pointed to,” or: “There cannot exist an entity that is neither inside nor outside the world,” and similar statements.

This is a universal proposition that—if it admits of refutation—can only be refuted by establishing its contradictory.

The statement, “Imagination and estimation cannot summon up an image or shape of themselves, nor of the faculty of sight or the other faculties,” is irrelevant to their contention and does not undermine it, whether true or false. It would do so only if it were established that whatever imagination and estimation cannot represent as having an image and shape cannot be pointed to, and indeed neither shares a location with anything else nor is spatially separate from it, and so forth.

It is well known that this is false. The faculty of sight and the other faculties subsist in the body and can be pointed to just as any accident subsisting in a body can be pointed to. They share the location of their locus, just as accidents share the location of substances; they also share the location of all the earth subsisting in their locus, just as one accident shares the location of another. Thus, they fall within the alternatives of spatial separation and sharing a location. Establishing this therefore does not contradict their universal claim, which they say is self-evident.