abstracted from concrete individuals, it would have no need of any particular individual. Otherwise, what has been said about its conjunction with this particular individual applies equally to its conjunction with that one.
Furthermore, one may ask:
“Did it move from another individual and become conjoined to this one, or does it subsist in both this individual and another?”
If it moved from another individual, it departed from that particular individual. This establishes that a particular individual does not need an absolute universal conjoined to it. If it subsists in both this individual and another, it must be either a substance or an accident. If it is an accident, a single accident cannot subsist in two subjects. If it is a substance, a single substance cannot subsist in two subjects either.
If he says:
“This applies to sense-perceptible substances. Intelligible substances, however, may subsist in two subjects.”
He may be answered:
“If by intelligible substances you mean what exists in minds, those are accidents, not substances. If you mean these universals that you claim exist externally, then, according to you, they have no subject in which they subsist, let alone subsist in two subjects.”
This also contradicts their assertion that the absolute universal is part of the particular. How, then, can what is not confined to a spatial region or a place—and is not part of something confined to a spatial region and a place—be [a part of the particular]?
If someone were to say:
“An intelligible entity that has no spatial region, place, or direction, and cannot be pointed to, is a part, a portion, and an internal constituent of this spatially extended body, which has a place, direction, and spatial region”—
then every rational person would recognize the incoherence of his statement. Yet this is what these people in fact maintain.
Furthermore, if that abstract, absolute reality is universal, and conceiving a universal does not preclude its being shared by many, and if it is part of the particular, then there would be in