The point here is that, if a proof required several premises and the Quran mentioned only one, it would not have presented the proof—unless the remaining premises were evident and required no obscure premises. For only those premises that the audience needs are stated, not those it does not need. It is well known that the claims that bodies are alike in their essential nature, that bodies necessarily entail temporally originated accidents, and that temporal events have no beginning—if true—would be among the most obscure matters and those most in need of obscure premises. None of this is in the Quran.
The point here is that, if a proof required several premises and the Quran mentioned only one, it would not have presented the proof—unless the remaining premises were evident and required no obscure premises. For only those premises that the audience needs are stated, not those it does not need. It is well known that the claims that bodies are alike in their essential nature, that bodies necessarily entail temporally originated accidents, and that temporal events have no beginning—if true—would be among the most obscure matters and those most in need of obscure premises. None of this is in the Quran.
If it is said:
“Rather, it is evident that bodies necessarily entail temporal events, since a body cannot be without temporal events. That temporal events have no beginning is also evident; indeed, this is known necessarily, as many thinkers among the speculative theologians have claimed. They say: ‘We know necessarily that whatever does not precede temporal events, or is never free of temporal events, is itself temporally originated. For whatever neither precedes them nor is free of them cannot exist before them, but must exist either alongside them or after them. Whatever does not exist before temporal events, but alongside them or after them, can only be temporally originated. For if it were not temporally originated, it would have existed before temporal events, and would thus have been free of them and preceded them.’”
The reply is:
This premise and others like it are a source of error for many people. They are expressed ambiguously, encompassing both truth and falsehood. One of the two meanings is known to be true, while the other is not; thus, the meaning that is known becomes confused with the meaning that is not known. This occurs with terms such as “temporally originated,” “possible,” “spatially located,” “body,” “direction,” “motion,” “composition,” and other terms familiar to speculative thinkers and much disputed among them. Most of these are ambiguous terms encompassing different kinds: