finite body must have a specific size and be enclosed by a single boundary, as in a sphere, or by several boundaries, as in a polyhedron—this is what is meant by shape—and must occupy a spatial location such that it can be pointed to as being here or there.

All of this is known self-evidently. Everything that has a specific shape, size, and spatial location must have a particularizer that assigns these to it.

The proof is that, for every body, it is self-evidently known that it could have a size larger or smaller than its actual size, a shape other than its actual shape, or a spatial location other than its actual location, either to its right or to its left. This being so, it must have a particularizer that assigns its particular attributes to it. Otherwise, one of two possibilities would be realized without a particularizer, which is impossible.

The second way is that the substances of the world must be either joined together, separate, both joined together and separate, neither joined together nor separate, or some of them