Darʾ Taʿâroud al-ʿAql wa-n-NaqlIbn Taimiya

It is not one of those initial questions that further inquiry can resolve, for the soul seeks the cause of everything that comes into being and the origin of everything, until it reaches the ultimate end.

Allah Most High has said:

“And that to your Lord is the final destination.”
Al-Najm 42.

The transmitted supplication mentioned by Mālik in al-Muwatta’ states:

“Allah is sufficient for me, and He suffices. Allah hears whoever calls upon Him. There is no goal beyond Allah.”

Another version states:

“There is no ultimate end beyond Allah.”

When the servant reaches the ultimate goal and the final end, he must stop. If he then seeks something further, he must desist. Thus the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded the servant to desist while seeking refuge in Allah from satanic whispering about infinite regress, just as anyone who has attained the final object of his pursuit and the ultimate object of his desire is told to stop. Every seeker and everyone who desires something must have an object of pursuit and desire at which he stops.

He must desist because every human being whose innate disposition remains sound knows, through self-evident, innate knowledge, that this is an invalid question and that it is impossible for the Creator of every created thing to have a creator. For if He had a creator, He would Himself be created. He would not be the Creator of every created thing, but would instead be one of the created things. All created things must have a Creator. This is known self-evidently and through the innate disposition, even if ruling out circularity and infinite regress has never occurred to the servant. For it is self-evidently known that the existence of all created things without a Creator is impossible.

ليس هو من البدايات التي يزيلها ما بعده، فإن النفس تطلب سبب كل حادث وأول كل شيء حتى تنتهي إلى الغاية والمنتهى. وقد قال الله تعالى {وأن إلى ربك المنتهى} النجن ٤٢. وفي الدعاء المأثور الذي ذكره مالك في الموطأ حسبي الله وكفى، سمع الله لمن دعا ليس وؤاء الله مرمى. وفي رواية: ليس وراء الله منتهى. فإذا وصل العبد إلى غاية الغايات، ونهاية النهايات، وجب وقوفه، فإذا طلب بعد ذلك شيئاً آخر وجب أن ينتهي، فأمر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم العبد أن ينتهي مع استجارته بالله من وسواس التسلسل، كما يؤمر كل من حصل نهاية المطلوب وغاية المارد أن ينتهي إذ كل طالب ومريد فلا بد له من مطلوب ومراد ينتهي إليه، وإنما وجب انتهاؤه لأنه من المعلوم بالعلم الضروري الفطري لكل من سلمت فطرته من بني آدم أنه سؤال فاسد، وأنه يمتنع أن يكون لخالق كل مخلوق خالق، فغنه لو كان له خالق لكان مخلوقاً. ولم يكن خالقاً لكل مخلوق، بل كان يكون من جملة الملخوقات، والمخلوقات، كلها لا بد لها من خالق، وهذا معلوم بالضرورة والفطرة، وإن لم يخطر ببال العبد قطع الدور والتسلسل، فإن وجود المخلوقات كلها بدون خالق معلوم الامتناع بالضرورة.

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