nothing that earns His joy is more striking than this (1). That joy, moreover, was occasioned by the performance of a commanded act—repentance. Thus He decreed the sin so that the immense joy that follows it might be realized, for the presence of that joy is dearer to Him than its absence, and it cannot exist without its prerequisite. This proves that the existence of what He loves is dearer to Him than the non-existence of what He dislikes.
The point is not that every single instance of something He loves is dearer to Him than every single instance of something He dislikes—so that, for example, the two units of the Duha prayer would be dearer to Him than sparing a Muslim’s life. What is meant is that, as a class, carrying out the commanded duties is superior to, as a class, refraining from the forbidden things; just as when maleness is preferred to femaleness, or a human being (2) to an angel, the reference is to the genus, not to every individual case.
The upshot is that this unparalleled joy which He experiences when the servant fulfills the command of repentance indicates that this commanded act is dearer to Him than merely avoiding the prohibited deed whose commission would nullify repentance along with its effects and implications.
Someone might say, “He rejoices at repentance only because it involves abandoning what is forbidden; therefore His joy is over the abandonment itself.” The reply is: Not so. Pure abandonment does not call forth such joy—indeed, it brings neither reward nor praise. Repentance is not simply abandonment, although abandonment is one of its necessary corollaries. Rather, repentance is a positive, substantive act: it entails the penitent’s turning back to his Lord, returning to Him, and committing himself to obey Him, all of which necessarily include leaving what He has prohibited. This is why the Exalted says, “Seek forgiveness from your Lord, then turn to Him in repentance” (Hud 3). Repentance is a return from what He detests to what He loves; it is not mere abandonment, for whoever only quits a sin without turning back