Tafsir Al-QurtubiAl-Qurtubi

Sound.

It is related from Abū Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah—may peace and blessings be upon him—said:
“Seek refuge in Allah from the Pit of Grief.”
They asked, “O Messenger of Allah, what is the Pit of Grief?”
He replied,
“A valley in Hell from which Hell itself seeks protection one hundred times each day.”
It was asked, “O Messenger of Allah, who will enter it?”
He said,
“The Qur’an-reciters who show off with their deeds.”
He (the narrator) added: “This ḥadīth is gharīb (solitary).”

In the book of Asad ibn Mūsā it is recorded that the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—said:
“Inside Hell there is a valley from which Hell seeks refuge seven times a day. Within that valley there is a pit, and Hell and the valley both seek refuge in Allah from the evil of that pit. At the mouth of the pit there is a serpent, and Hell, the valley, and the pit all seek refuge in Allah from the evil of that serpent seven times. Allah has prepared it for the wretched among the bearers of the Qur’an who disobey Him.”

Thus it is obligatory for every bearer of the Qur’an and every seeker of knowledge to fear Allah with regard to himself and to make his works purely for Allah’s sake. If he has previously done anything blameworthy, let him hasten—hasten—to repentance and return, and begin anew with sincerity in both his quest and his deeds. What is required of the bearer of the Qur’an in guarding himself is greater than what is required of others, just as his reward surpasses that of others.

Al-Tirmidhī narrated from Abū al-Dardāʾ that the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—said:
“Allah revealed in some of the Scriptures—or He inspired to one of the prophets—‘Say to those who study jurisprudence for anything but religion, who learn without intending to act, and who seek this world by means of the deeds of the Hereafter: they come before people dressed in the skins of [1] rams while their hearts are the hearts of wolves; their tongues are sweeter than honey, yet their hearts are more bitter than colocynth. They try to deceive Me, and at Me they scoff. I shall surely send upon them a trial that will leave even the forbearing among them bewildered.’”

Al-Ṭabarī relates in his book The Etiquette of Souls:
Abū Kurayb Muḥammad ibn al-‘Alāʾ narrated to us; al-Muḥāribī narrated from ʿAmr ibn ʿĀmir al-Bajalī, from Ibn Ṣadaqah, from a man among the Companions of the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—or from someone who conveyed it from him—that the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—said:
“Do not attempt to deceive Allah, for whoever deceives Allah, Allah will deceive him; he only deceives himself, though he does not realize it.”
They asked, “O Messenger of Allah, how does one deceive Allah?”
He said:
“You perform what Allah has commanded but seek thereby other than Him. Beware of showing off, for it is shirk. On the Day of Resurrection the ostentatious person will be called before all witnesses by four names that are attributed to him: ‘O disbeliever! O loser! O traitor! O profligate! Your deeds have gone astray and are void.’”

[1] I.e., they display an outward guise of meekness and humility, like rams’ hides.

حَسَنٌ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " تَعَوَّذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنْ جُبِّ الْحَزَنِ" قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا جُبُّ الْحَزَنِ؟ قَالَ: " وَادٍ فِي جَهَنَّمَ تَتَعَوَّذُ مِنْهُ جَهَنَّمُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ" قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يدخله؟ قال: " القراء المراءون بأعملهم" قَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ. وَفِي كِتَابِ أَسَدِ بْنِ مُوسَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِنَّ فِي جَهَنَّمَ لَوَادِيًا إِنَّ جهنم لتتعوذ من ذَلِكَ الْوَادِي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ وَإِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَادِي لَجُبًّا إِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ وَذَلِكَ الوادي ليتعوذون بالله من شر ذلك الجب وإن فط الْجُبِّ لَحَيَّةً وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ وَالْوَادِيَ وَالْجُبَّ لَيَتَعَوَّذُونَ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَرِّ تِلْكَ الْحَيَّةِ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ أَعَدَّهَا اللَّهُ لِلْأَشْقِيَاءِ مِنْ حَمَلَةِ الْقُرْآنِ الَّذِينَ يَعْصُونَ اللَّهَ" . فَيَجِبُ عَلَى حَامِلِ الْقُرْآنِ وَطَالِبِ الْعِلْمِ أَنْ يَتَّقِيَ اللَّهَ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَيُخْلِصَ العمل لله، فإن كان تقدم له شي مما يكره فليبادر التوبة التوبة والإنابة، وليبتدئ الإخلاص في الطلب. عمله. فالذي يلزم حامل القرآن من التحفظ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا يَلْزَمُ غَيْرُهُ، كَمَا أَنَّ لَهُ من الأجر ما ليس لغيره. وروى التِّرْمِذِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أنزل اله فِي بَعْضِ الْكُتُبِ- أَوْ أَوْحَى- إِلَى بَعْضِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قُلْ لِلَّذِينِ يَتَفَقَّهُونَ لِغَيْرِ الدِّينِ وَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ لغير العمل ويطلبون الدنيا بعمل الآخر يَلْبَسُونَ لِلنَّاسِ مُسُوكَ «١» الْكِبَاشِ وَقُلُوبُهُمْ كَقُلُوبِ الذِّئَابِ أَلْسِنَتُهُمْ أَحْلَى مِنَ الْعَسَلِ وَقُلُوبُهُمْ أَمَرُّ مِنَ الصَّبْرِ إِيَّايَ يُخَادِعُونَ وَبِي يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ لِأُتِيحَنَّ لَهُمْ فِتْنَةً تَذَرُ الْحَلِيمَ فِيهِمْ حَيْرَانَ" . وَخَرَّجَ الطَّبَرِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ آدَابِ النُّفُوسِ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ حَدَّثَنَا الْمُحَارِبِيُّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْ مَنْ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا تُخَادِعِ الله فإنه من يخادع الله يخدعه الله وَنَفْسَهُ يَخْدَعُ لَوْ يَشْعُرُ" . قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَكَيْفَ يُخَادِعُ اللَّهَ؟ قَالَ: " تَعْمَلُ بِمَا أَمَرَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَتَطْلُبُ بِهِ غَيْرَهُ وَاتَّقُوا الرِّيَاءَ فَإِنَّهُ الشِّرْكُ وَإِنَّ الْمُرَائِيَ يُدْعَى يَوْمَ القيامة على رءوس الْأَشْهَادِ بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَسْمَاءٍ يُنْسَبُ إِلَيْهَا يَا كَافِرُ يَا خَاسِرُ يَا غَادِرُ يَا فَاجِرُ ضَلَّ عملك وبطل
(١). المسوك (جمع مسك، بفتح ثم سكون): الجلد.

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