performed ‘umrah during his Hajj, and this was one of his four ‘umrahs.

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As for those who say that he performed an ‘umrah after which he came out of ihram—as held by Judge Abū Ya‘lā and those who agreed with him—their justification is that Ibn ‘Umar, ‘Ā’ishah, ‘Imrān ibn Husayn, and others authentically reported that he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, performed both ‘umrah and Hajj. This could mean that he came out of ihram between them, or that he did not. When Mu‘āwiyah reported that he had shortened the Prophet’s hair with an arrowhead at al-Marwah—a report found in the two Sahīh collections (1)—this indicated that the Prophet had come out of ihram. This could only have occurred during the Farewell Hajj, because Mu‘āwiyah embraced Islam only after the conquest of Mecca, and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was not in ihram at the time of the conquest. Nor could it have occurred during the ‘umrah from al-Ji‘rānah, for two reasons. First, one wording in the Sahīh (2) states: “That was during his Hajj.” Second, a version reported by al-Nasā’ī with an authentic chain of transmission (3) states: “That was during the ten days.” This could only have been during his Hajj.

These scholars interpreted the report that performing ‘umrah with Hajj was reserved for them (4) alone (5) to mean that a group of them were specially permitted to come out of ihram despite having brought sacrificial animals, unlike those who brought