Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

If it is objected: It is established in Sahīh al-Bukhārī (1) that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to her: “Abandon your ‘umrah, undo your hair and comb it.” In another wording (2): “Undo your hair and comb it, enter ihrām for Hajj, and leave ‘umrah.” This explicitly indicates that she abandoned it, on two grounds: first, his words “Abandon it” and “Leave it”; and second, his instruction that she comb her hair.

The reply is: His words “Abandon it” mean: leave its rites, do not confine yourself to it, and perform Hajj alongside it. This must be the intended meaning, because, when she had completed the rites of Hajj, he said: “You have come out of ihrām for both,” and: “Your circumambulation suffices for both your Hajj and your ‘umrah.” This explicitly shows that her ihrām for ‘umrah had not been cancelled (3). Rather, she had set aside its separate rites and had not confined herself to it; upon completing her Hajj (4), she had completed both her Hajj and her ‘umrah. He then had her perform ‘umrah from al-Tan‘īm to put her heart at ease, so that she could perform a separate ‘umrah like her companions.

This is made abundantly clear by what Muslim narrated in his Sahīh (5), through al-Zuhrī, from ‘Urwah, from her. She said: “We set out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for the Farewell Pilgrimage. I began menstruating and remained in that state until the Day of ‘Arafah. I had entered ihrām only for ‘umrah, so the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, instructed me to undo my hair and comb it, enter ihrām for Hajj, and leave ‘umrah.” She said: “I did so. When I had completed my Hajj, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent ‘Abd al-Rahmān ibn Abī Bakr with me and instructed me to perform ‘umrah from al-Tan‘īm in place of my ‘umrah during which

(1) Reported by al-Bukhārī (1783), from ‘Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her. (2) Reported by al-Bukhārī (316) and Muslim (1211/111), from ‘Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her. (3) ب reads yurfad (“be abandoned”). (4) Bi-inqidā’ hajjihā (“upon completion of her Hajj”) is omitted from ك. (5) Reported by Muslim (1211/112), from ‘Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her.
فإن قيل: فقد ثبت في «صحيح البخاريِّ» (١) أنَّه ﷺ قال لها: «ارفُضِي عمرتك، وانقُضِي رأسَك وامتشطي»، وفي لفظٍ آخر (٢): «انقُضي رأسك وامتشطي، وأهلِّي بالحجِّ، ودعي العمرة»، وهذا صريحٌ في رفضها من وجهين، أحدهما: قوله ارفُضيها ودعيها، والثَّاني: أمره لها بالامتشاط. قيل: معنى قوله «ارفضيها»: اتركي أفعالها والاقتصارَ عليها، وكوني في حجَّةٍ معها. ويتعيَّن أن يكون هذا المراد لقوله: «حللت منهما جميعًا» لمَّا قضتْ أعمال الحجِّ، وقولِه: «يسَعُكِ طوافُك لحجِّك وعمرتك»، فهذا صريحٌ أنَّ إحرام العمرة لم يَرتفِضْ (٣)، وإنَّما رفضتْ أعمالَها والاقتصارَ عليها، وأنَّها بانقضاء حجِّها (٤) انقضى حجُّها وعمرتها، ثمَّ أعمرَها من التَّنعيم تطييبًا لقلبها، إذ تأتي بعمرةٍ مستقلَّةٍ كصواحباتها. ويُوضح ذلك إيضاحًا بيِّنًا ما روى مسلم في «صحيحه» (٥) من حديث الزُّهريِّ، عن عروة عنها قالت: خرجنا مع رسول الله ﷺ في حجَّة الوداع، فحِضتُ، فلم أزل حائضًا حتَّى كان يوم عرفة، ولم أُهِلَّ إلا بعمرةٍ، فأمرني رسول الله ﷺ أن أنقُضَ رأسي وأمتشط، وأُهِلَّ بالحجِّ، وأترك العمرة، قالت: ففعلتُ ذلك، حتَّى إذا قضيتُ حجِّي بعث معي رسول الله ﷺ عبد الرَّحمن بن أبي بكرٍ، وأمرني أن أعتمر من التَّنعيم مكانَ عمرتي الَّتي
(١) برقم (١٧٨٣) من حديث عائشة ﵂. (٢) رواه البخاري (٣١٦) ومسلم (١٢١١/ ١١١) من حديث عائشة ﵂. (٣) ب: «يرفض». (٤) «بانقضاء حجها» ليست في ك. (٥) برقم (١٢١١/ ١١٢) من حديث عائشة ﵂.

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