Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

al-Safā and al-Marwah had sufficed for her Hajj (1) and ‘umrah. She felt saddened (2), since her female companions (3) would return having performed Hajj and ‘umrah separately—for they had performed ‘umrah followed by Hajj with separate ihrams, had not menstruated, and had not combined the two in a single ihram—whereas she would return with an ‘umrah included within her Hajj. He therefore instructed her brother to take her to perform ‘umrah from al-Tan‘īm, to comfort her. Neither he nor anyone accompanying him performed ‘umrah from al-Tan‘īm during that Hajj. Further clarification of this (4) and a fuller discussion will follow shortly, if Allah Most High wills.

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After the Hijrah, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered Mecca five times, apart from the first occasion, when he reached al-Hudaybiyah but was prevented from entering Mecca. On four of these occasions, he entered ihram at the designated boundary, not before reaching it. In the year of al-Hudaybiyah, he entered ihram at Dhū al-Hulayfah. Then, on the second occasion, he entered Mecca, completed his ‘umrah, stayed there for three days, and departed. On the third occasion, in the year of the conquest, he entered Mecca in Ramadan without ihram. He then left for Hunayn, before entering Mecca again to perform ‘umrah from al-Ji‘rānah. During this ‘umrah, he entered by night and departed by night. He did not leave Mecca for al-Ji‘rānah to perform ‘umrah, as the people of Mecca do today; rather, he entered ihram there while on his way into Mecca. Having completed his ‘umrah that night, he returned immediately to al-Ji‘rānah and spent the night there. The following day, after the sun had passed its zenith, he set out through the valley of Sarif until he reached the road (5). This is why little was known of

(1) ك, ع, ب: “hajjatihā (her Hajj).” (2) That is, she was saddened. (3) ك: “sawāhibuhā (her female companions).” (4) ب: “taqrīr hādhā (clarification of this).” (5) Narrated by Ahmad (15513, 15519), Abū Dāwūd (1996), al-Tirmidhī (935), and al-Nasā’ī (2863), from Muharrish al-Ka‘bī. Its transmission hinges on Muzāhim ibn Abī Muzāhim al-Makkī, who is majhūl (unknown). Nevertheless, al-Tirmidhī graded it hasan (good), and al-Albānī graded it sahīh (authentic) in Sahīh Abī Dāwūd — al-Umm (6/237).
الصَّفا والمروة قد وقع عن حجّها (١) وعمرتها، فوجدَتْ (٢) في نفسها، إذ ترجع صواحباتها (٣) بحجٍّ وعمرةٍ مستقلتين، فإنَّهنَّ كنَّ متمتِّعاتٍ ولم يحِضْن ولم يقرِنَّ، وترجع هي بعمرةٍ في ضِمْنِ حجَّتها، فأمر أخاها أن يُعمِرها من التَّنعيم تطييبًا لقلبها، ولم يعتمر هو من التَّنعيم في تلك الحجَّة ولا أحدٌ ممَّن كان معه، وسيأتي مزيدُ تقريرٍ لهذا (٤) وبسطٍ له عن قربٍ إن شاء الله تعالى. فصل دخل رسول الله ﷺ مكَّة بعد الهجرة خمسَ مرَّاتٍ سوى المرَّة الأولى، فإنَّه وصل إلى الحديبية وصُدَّ عن الدُّخول إليها، أحرم في أربعٍ منهنَّ من الميقات لا قبله، فأحرم عام الحديبية من ذي الحليفة، ثمَّ دخلها المرَّة الثَّانية، فقضى عمرته وأقام بها ثلاثًا، ثمَّ خرج، ثمَّ دخلها المرَّة الثَّالثة عام الفتح في رمضان بغير إحرامٍ، ثمَّ خرج منها إلى حنينٍ، ثمَّ دخلها بعمرةٍ من الجعرانة، ودخلها في هذه العمرة ليلًا وخرج ليلًا، فلم يخرج من مكَّة إلى الجعرانة ليعتمر كما يفعل أهل مكَّة اليوم، وإنَّما أحرم منها في حال دخوله إلى مكَّة، ولمَّا قضى عمرته ليلًا رجع من فَوْره إلى الجعرانة، فبات بها، فلمَّا أصبح وزالت الشَّمس خرج في بطن سَرِف حتَّى جامعَ الطَّريقَ (٥)، ولهذا خفيت
(١) ك، ع، ب: «حجتها». (٢) أي: حزنت. (٣) ك: «صواحبها». (٤) ب: «تقرير هذا». (٥) رواه أحمد (١٥٥١٣، ١٥٥١٩) وأبو داود (١٩٩٦) والترمذي (٩٣٥) والنسائي (٢٨٦٣) من حديث محرش الكعبي. ومداره على مزاحم بن أبي مزاحم المكي، مجهول. ومع ذلك حسنه الترمذي وصححه الألباني في «صحيح أبي داود - الأم» (٦/ ٢٣٧).

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