Chapter
On the Prophet’s Guidance in Fasting, Peace and Blessings Be upon Him
Since (1) the purpose of fasting is to restrain the soul from desires, wean it from familiar habits, and bring its faculty of desire into balance, preparing it to seek its utmost happiness and bliss and to accept that which purifies it (2) and in which its eternal life lies; and since hunger and thirst curb its intensity and impetuosity, remind it of the plight of the hungry poor, narrow (3) Satan’s pathways within the servant by narrowing the passages of food and drink, restrain (4) the bodily faculties from following their natural impulses into what harms them in this life and the Hereafter, and calm the unruliness of every bodily member and faculty, so that each is bridled (5) by fasting—it is thus the bridle of the Allah-fearing, the shield of those who wage battle, and the training of the righteous and those brought near to Allah.
Among all deeds, fasting belongs to the Lord of all worlds, for the fasting person does not perform an action; rather, he forgoes his desire, food, and drink for the sake of the One he worships. It is giving up what the soul loves and delights in (6), giving preference to love of Allah and His pleasure. It is a secret between the servant and Allah, known to none but Him. People (7) may observe his abstention (8) from the outward things that invalidate the fast, but as for