Zād al-Maʿād - Ibn al-Qayyim - (1/636)

Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

the hadith says: “And they put their trust in their Lord.” Because of their perfect reliance upon their Lord, their serenity in turning to Him, their confidence in Him, their contentment with Him, and their entrusting their needs to Him, they ask people for nothing—neither healing recitations nor anything else. Nor do superstitious fears of omens deter them from what they intend to do, for such superstition diminishes and weakens monotheism.

Our shaykh said: One who recites healing prayers performs an act of charity and kindness, whereas one who requests such recitations is asking others for something. The Prophet ﷺ recited healing prayers but did not ask others to recite them over him. He said: “Whoever among you can benefit his brother, let him do so” (1).

If it is asked: How, then, do you account for the hadith in the two Sahīh collections (2), narrated by ʿĀ’ishah, that whenever the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to bed, he would bring his palms together, blow gently into them, and recite “Say: He is Allah, the One,” “Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of daybreak,” and “Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind”? He would then wipe as much of his body as he could with his hands, beginning with his head, his face, and the front of his body. He would do this three times. ʿĀ’ishah said: “When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ became ill, he would instruct me to do this for him.”

The answer is that this hadith has been transmitted in three wordings, one of which is the wording just cited. The second states that he ﷺ himself would blow gently over his own body (3). In the third, she said: “I would blow gently over him while reciting these surahs, and wipe his body with his own hand (4), because of its blessing” (5). A fourth wording states: “When he was ill, he would recite over

(1) Recorded by Muslim (2199), from Jābir ibn ‘Abd Allāh (may Allah be pleased with him). (2) Recorded by al-Bukhārī (5017, 5748). Muslim (2192) recorded it through another chain of transmission, which does not state that he did this when going to bed, but rather when he (peace and blessings be upon him) or a member of his household was ill. (3) Recorded by al-Bukhārī (5735, 5751). (4) In Kāf and ‘Ayn: “bi-yadi nafsihi (with his own hand).” In Sād and Jīm: “bi-yadihi ‘alā nafsihi (with his hand over his own body).” (5) Recorded by al-Bukhārī (5735), whose wording is quoted here, and Muslim (2192/50).

قال: «وعلى ربِّهم يتوكلون»، فلكمال توكُّلهم على ربِّهم، وسكونهم إليه، وثقتهم به، ورضاهم عنه، وإنزال حوائجهم به= لا يسألون الناس شيئًا، لا رقيةً ولا غيرها. ولا يحصل لهم طِيرَة تصُدُّهم عما يقصدونه، فإنَّ الطِّيَرة تنقص التوحيد وتُضْعِفه. قال شيخنا: والراقي متصدِّق محسِن والمسترقي سائل. والنبيُّ ﷺ رقى ولم يستَرْقِ، وقال: «من استطاع منكم أن ينفع أخاه فلينفعه» (١). فإن قيل: فما تصنعون بالحديث الذي في «الصحيحين» (٢) عن عائشة أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ كان إذا أوى إلى فراشه جمَع كفَّيه، ثم نفَث فيهما فقرأ (قل هو الله أحد) و (قل أعوذ برب الفلق) و (قل أعوذ برب الناس)، ثم يمسَح بهما ما استطاع من جسده، يبدأ بهما على رأسه ووجهه وما أقبل من جسده؛ فيفعل ذلك ثلاث مرات. قالت عائشة: فلما اشتكى رسول الله ﷺ كان يأمرني أن أفعل ذلك به. فالجواب: أنَّ هذا الحديث قد روي بثلاثة ألفاظ، أحدها هذا. والثاني: أنه ﷺ كان هو ينفث على نفسه (٣). والثالث: قالت: كنت أنفث عليه بهن، وأمسح بيده نفسه (٤) لبركتها (٥). وفي لفظ رابع: كان إذا اشتكى يقرأ على

(١) أخرجه مسلم (٢١٩٩) من حديث جابر بن عبد الله ﵁. (٢) أخرجه البخاري (٥٠١٧، ٥٧٤٨). وأخرجه مسلم (٢١٩٢) من وجه آخر، ليس فيه أنه كان يفعل ذلك إذا أوى إلى فراشه، بل إذا اشتكى هو ﷺ أو أحد من أهله. (٣) أخرجه البخاري (٥٧٣٥، ٥٧٥١). (٤) ك، ع: «بيد نفسه». وفي ص، ج: «بيده على نفسه». (٥) أخرجه البخاري (٥٧٣٥) واللفظ له، ومسلم (٢١٩٢/ ٥٠).