Zād al-MaʿādIbn al-Qayyim

Al-Bayhaqī (1) identified defects in this hadith because its chain of transmission was disconnected and because he judged (2) ‘Ikrima ibn Ibrāhīm to be weak.

Abū al-Barakāt Ibn Taymiyya said: The grounds for declaring him weak may be questioned, since al-Bukhārī mentioned him in his History (3) without criticizing him, although his customary practice was to mention criticisms of narrators and those who were criticized. Ahmad, and before him Ibn ‘Abbās, explicitly stated that a traveller who marries must pray in full. This is also the position of Abū Hanīfa, Mālik, and their followers (4). This is the best explanation offered in defence of ‘Uthmān.

It has also been argued in ‘Ā’isha’s defence that she was the Mother of the Believers, so wherever she stayed was as though it were her homeland (5). This explanation is likewise weak, for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was also the father of the believers, and his wives’ motherhood derived from his fatherhood. Yet he did not shorten his prayers (6) for this (7) reason. Hishām ibn ‘Urwa narrated from his father: She used to pray four units while travelling. I said to her, “If only you would pray two units.” She replied, “My sister’s son, it causes me no hardship” (8).

(1) In Ma‘rifat al-Sunan (4:263). (2) Jīm and Kāf read: wa-bi-da‘f (“and because of the weakness of”). This was also the reading in Sād and ‘Ayn, but it was corrected. (3) Al-Kabīr (7:50), referring to ‘Ikrima al-Azdī. (4) See al-Awsat (4:364), Badā’i‘ al-Sanā’i‘ (1:104), and al-Mudawwana (1:208). (5) Tahdhīb al-Sunan (1:389). (6) This is the reading in all manuscripts. It may be an inadvertent error in the author’s original copy; the correct reading is yutimm (“pray in full”), as in the printed editions. (7) Kāf and ‘Ayn read: li-hādhā (“for this”). (8) Recorded by al-Bayhaqī (3:143), and graded authentic by Ibn ‘Abd al-Hādī in Tanqīh al-Tahqīq (2:519), al-Zayla‘ī in Nasb al-Rāya (2:192), al-Hāfiz in Fath al-Bārī (2:571), and al-Albānī in al-Silsila al-Da‘īfa (9:158).
وقد أعلّه البيهقي (١) بانقطاعه وتضعيفه (٢) عكرمةَ بن إبراهيم. قال أبو البركات ابن تيمية: ويمكن المطالبة بسبب الضعف، فإنَّ البخاري ذكره في «تاريخه» (٣) ولم يطعن فيه، وعادته ذكرُ الجرح والمجروحين. وقد نصَّ أحمد وابن عباس قبله أنَّ المسافر إذا تزوَّج لزمه الإتمام. وهذا قول أبي حنيفة ومالك وأصحابهما (٤). وهذا أحسنُ ما اعتُذِر به عن عثمان. وقد اعتُذِر عن عائشة أنَّها كانت أمَّ المؤمنين، فحيث نزلت فكأنَّه وطنها (٥). وهذا أيضًا اعتذار ضعيف، فإنَّ النَّبيَّ ﷺ أبو المؤمنين أيضًا، وأمومة أزواجه فرع على أبوته، ولم يكن يقصر (٦) بهذا (٧) السبب. وقد روى هشام بن عروة عن أبيه أنها كانت تصلِّي في السفر أربعًا، فقلت لها: لو صلَّيتِ ركعتين، فقالت: «يا ابن أختي إنه لا يشُقُّ علي» (٨).
(١) في «معرفة السنن» (٤/ ٢٦٣). (٢) ج، ك: «وبضعف»، وكذا كان في ص، ع، فأصلح. (٣) «الكبير» (٧/ ٥٠)، يعني: عكرمة الأزدي. (٤) انظر: «الأوسط» (٤/ ٣٦٤) و «بدائع الصنائع» (١/ ١٠٤) و «المدونة» (١/ ٢٠٨). (٥) «تهذيب السنن» (١/ ٣٨٩). (٦) كذا في جميع النسخ، ولعله سهو كان في أصل المؤلف، والصواب: «يُتِمُّ» كما في النسخ المطبوعة. (٧) ك، ع: «لهذا». (٨) أخرجه البيهقي (٣/ ١٤٣)، وصححه ابن عبد الهادي في «تنقيح التحقيق» (٢/ ٥١٩) والزيلعي في «نصب الراية» (٢/ ١٩٢) والحافظ في «فتح الباري» (٢/ ٥٧١) والألباني في «السلسلة الضعيفة» (٩/ ١٥٨).

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